Pitvipers (Viperidae: Crotalinae) possess thermal radiation receptors, the facial pits, which allow them to detect modest temperature fluctuations within their environments. It was previously thought that these organs were used solely to aid in prey acquisition, but recent findings demonstrated that western diamondback rattlesnakes (Crotalus atrox) use them to direct behavioral thermoregulation...

System test and online test techniques are aggressively being used in today’s SoCs for improved test quality and reliability (e.g., aging/soft-error robustness). With gaining popularity of vertical integration such as 2.5D and 3D, in the semiconductor industry, ensuring thermal safety of SoCs during these test modes poses a challenge. In this paper, we propose a dynamic test scheduling mechanis...

Subjective thermal comfort plays a critical role in body temperature regulation since this represents the primary stimulus for behavioral thermoregulation. Although both core (Tc) and skin-surface (Tsk) temperatures are known afferent inputs to the thermoregulatory system, the relative contributions of Tc and Tsk to thermal comfort are unknown. We independently altered Tc and Tsk in human subje...

The impact of temperature during incubation and gestation has been tested in various reptiles; the postnatal period has been rarely investigated however. Three groups of newborn aspic vipers (Vipera aspis) were placed under contrasted thermal regimes during 7 months: (1) a cool 23°C constant regime, (2) a warm 28°C constant regime, and (3) an optimal regime with free-access to a wide range of t...

Reduced catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) activity resulting from genetic variation or pharmacological depletion results in enhanced pain perception in humans and nociceptive behaviors in animals. Using phasic mechanical and thermal reflex tests (e.g. von Frey, Hargreaves), recent studies show that acute COMT-dependent pain in rats is mediated by β-adrenergic receptors (βARs). In order to mor...

The regulation of body temperature in ectotherms has a major impact in their physiological and behavioral processes. Observing changes in thermal parameters related with reproduction allows us to better understand how Rhinella arenarum optimizes a thermal resource. The aim of this study was to compare the thermal parameters of this species between breeding and non-breeding periods. In the field...

BACKGROUND Remifentanil induced hyperalgesia (RIH) is characterized by stimulation evoked pain including allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia after remifentanil infusion. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor was reported to be involved in the progress of RIH. We hypothesized that intrathecal MgSO4 could relieve hyperalgesia after remifentanil infusion via regulating phosphorylation of NMDA recept...

Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) and its involvement in regulating gene expression in spinal dorsal horn, cortical and subcortical neurons by peripheral noxious stimulation contribute to pain hypersensitivity. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a treatment used in physiotherapy practice to promote analgesia in acute and chronic inflammatory con...

The intrathecal injection of fenvalerate, a sodium channel activator, at doses of 0.01 to 3 pg, dose-dependently induced the duration of a characteristic behavioral syndrome mainly consisting of reciprocal hind limb scratching directed towards caudal parts of the body and biting or licking of the hind legs in mice. Fenvalerate-induced behavior was inhibited by morphine ( I I O mg/kg, i.p.). The...