OBJECTIVE To identify factors that influence Saskatchewan women's choice between breast conserving therapy (BCT) and mastectomy in early-stage breast cancer (ESBC) and to compare and contrast underlying reasons behind choice of BCT versus mastectomy. METHODS Interpretive description methods guided this practice-based qualitative study. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and presented ...

The Geosciences Network (GEON) project is a large-scale collaborative effort aimed at creating cyberinfrastructure for the Earth Sciences. GEON focuses on consistent representation, query access, integration and analysis of multiple semantically-different distributed spatial datasets. The paper will demonstrate knowledge-based integration of heterogeneous spatial data, stored mostly in shapefil...

0169-023X/$ see front matter 2008 Elsevier B.V doi:10.1016/j.datak.2008.05.004 q CiteSpace is available at http://cluster.cis.drexel.e papers/2008/dke/figures. * Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: [email protected] ( The thematic and citation structures of Data and Knowledge Engineering (DKE) (1985–2007) are identified based on text analysis and citation analysis of the bibliogra...

The applicability of a land surface temperature (LST)-evapotranspiration (ET) regression model to estimate ET fraction (ETrF) was tested in the temperate maritime climate of Central Ireland. In this study, the Mapping ET at high Resolution and with Internalized Calibration (METRIC) model was applied to calculate evapotranspiration from a mixed land cover area in Central Ireland. The ETrF values...

Today, the availability of digital geo-data is increasing rapidly throughout the world, a trend that undoubtedly will continue for the foreseeable future. Among the large geo-data sets available to cartographers are digital terrain models, as well as accurate topographic and thematic data sets about countless physical, social, and economic phenomena. In addition to their geographic coverage and...

On a previously-digitized map, a series of 685 points were screen-digitized so as to represent major spatial features of each polygon composing 17 forest types having inherently uncertain boundaries; three forest types having precise boundaries were treated as such. From these points and three exact types, surfaces were generated which provided weights of the certainty of having each of the 20 ...

Land cover mapping in most cases results in thematic maps which are in general not a perfect representation of the reality. They always contain errors due to the method used for its production or simply the difficulty that in many cases the land use is not equivalent to the land cover and semantic knowledge of an interpreter has to be used to derive the finally wanted object type. In order to a...

The accurate classification of remotely-sensed imagery usually requires some form of ground truth data. Maps are potentially a valuable source of ground truth but have several problems (e.g., they are usually outdated, features are generalized, and thematic categories in the map often do not correspond to distinct clusters or segments in the imagery). We describe several methods for using maps ...

Colour plays a central role in thematic cartography. Despite this, using colour effectively on maps is surprisingly difŽcult and often exceeds the skill and understanding of novice mapmakers. On the one hand, a ‘good’ colour scheme needs to be attractive. On the other hand, the colour scheme must also support the message of the map and be appropriately matched to the nature of the data. Moreove...

Traditionally, the classes in thematic maps have been treated as crisp sets, using classical set theory. In this formulation, map classes are assumed to be mutually exclusive and exhaustive. This approach limits the ability of thematic maps to represent the continuum of variation found in most landscapes. Substitution of fuzzy sets allows more  exibility for treatment of map classes in the are...