It has been known that the ungrammaticality of (1b) is due to the violation of the Superiority Effect (SE) to the effect that WH is not allowed to move over another c-commanding WH (Chomsky 1995) unless the WH is the D-linked (Discourse-linked) phrase like which apple, which carries an implication that there exists a set of entities that can be determined from the context (Pesetky 1987). In oth...

The active maintenance of sentence meaning in working memory was investigated using event-related electroencephalogram (EEG) coherences. Participants read a sentence, retained it for 2.5 s, and then verified a statement about its meaning. The sentences contained either three semantically related nouns or unrelated nouns and started either with a what phrase (WH sentences) or not (non-WH sentenc...

This paper reports a series of formal acceptability-judgment experiments designed to investigate the syntactic properties of a relatively understudied type of wh-dependency: multiple wh-questions in English. By using a factorial definition of island effects made available only by formal experiments, we report an unpredicted pattern of acceptability that suggests the existence of reverse island ...

1 Introduction 1.1 Wh-expressions as diagnostics of scope 1.1.1 Fronting and possible answers as indicators of scope 1.1.2 3 Subjacency and wh-in-situ 3.1 The diagnostic of possible answers 3.