Most cryptosystems are designed and evaluated at a mathematical level. Attackers, however, will always target the physical realisation of a system which is much more complicated (see [14] for discussion of this disconnect). Real-world electronic implementations of ciphers will usually leak additional information to attackers in the form of side-channels such as timing, power consumption, electr...

Richard Tempest is a Professor of Slavic Languages and Literatures at the University Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, former director its Russian, East European, Eurasian Center. He holds BA (First Class), MA, PhD from Oxford. His interests include Russian world history culture, military history, political science body. author “Overwriting Chaos: Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn’s Fictive Worlds” (Boston: Aca...

The standard model for the operation of the s-process in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars predicts that low-metallicity ([Fe/H] < ∼ − 1) AGB stars should exhibit large overabundances of Pb and Bi as compared to other s-elements. The discovery of the first three such 'lead stars' (defined as stars enriched in s-elements with [Pb/hs] > ∼ 1, hs being any of Ba, La or Ce) among CH stars has been...

Polarization from photomasks can be used as a new lever to improve lithographic performance in both binary and phase-shifting masks (PSMs). While PSMs manipulate the phase of light to control the temporal addition of electric field vectors, polarization masks manipulate the vector direction of electric field vectors to control the spatial addition of electric field components. This paper explor...

Composition of Cell Walls of Some Gram-Negative Cocci BY R. K. GRAHAM and J. W. MAY . Electron Microscopy Studies on the Immobilization Antigens of Paramecium aurelia BY M. R. Mom A Note on the Taxonomic Status of Strains Like ‘Campo’ Hitherto Classified as Mycoplasma hominis Type 2 BY D. G. FT. EDWARD and E. A. FREUNDT . . . . . . . . . The Influence of Temperature and pH Value on the Macromol...

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