Good-government reform proposals like those offered by Professors Craig Lerner and Nelson Lund generally confront several difficulties. Details matter, but most reform proposals are understandably sketchy.1 The details ordinarily would be fleshed out as the proposal works its way through the process of enactment, but this process is difficult to navigate. The politics of good-government reforms...

This paper shows a new axiomatization of the Shapley value by using two axioms. First axiom is Dummy Player Property and second axiom is Strong Addition Invariance. Strong Addition Invariance states that the payoff vector of a game does not change even if we add some specific games to the game. By slightly changing the definition of Strong Addition Invariance, we can also axiomatize the weighte...

The Supreme Court decision on school desegregation 25 years ago-Brown v. Board o f ~ducatio-ushered in an era in which the law courts have carried an ever-growing share of the burden of social reform and policy change in this country. Even though several current members of the Supreme Court were appointed as "strict constructionists," and think of themselves as not in the business of setting so...

A weighted timed game is a timed game with extra quantitative information representing e.g.energy consumption. Optimizing the weight for reaching a target is a natural question, which hasalready been investigated for ten years. Existence of optimal strategies is known to be undecidablein general, and only very restricted classes of games have been identified for which optimal co...

In Roper v. Simmons, the U.S. Supreme Court was once again asked to determine if the execution of a juvenile, aged 16 or 17 years at the time of the offense, represents cruel and unusual punishment. In a five-to-four decision, the U.S. Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the Supreme Court of Missouri to overturn the death penalty of Christopher Simmons and held that the execution of juvenile...

Punitive damages are a controversial remedy in Canadian and non-Canadian law. Some scholars have gone so far as to argue that punitive damages are entirely inconsistent with the goals and principles of private law and ought to be abolished. Notwithstanding these criticisms, the Supreme Court of Canada has treated punitive damages as a relatively uncontroversial private law remedy. However, the ...

BACKGROUND The laryngeal mask airway Supreme (Supreme) is a new single-use supraglottic device with gastric access capability now available in all sizes for children. OBJECTIVES To compare the i-gel with the Supreme in children for routine airway maintenance. MATERIALS/METHODS One hundred and seventy children, aged 3 months to 11 years, 5-50 kg in weight, were randomly assigned to receive e...