What determines government spending in South Africa? The paper estimates the determinants of real per capita government spending in the Republic of South Africa, using annual data for the period 1960 to 2007, a tumultuous period during which South Africa experienced a variety of internally imposed changes (e.g., the abolition of apartheid, changes in political institutions) and externally gener...

It is generally known that violent oil price volatility will cause market panic; however, the extent to which worthy of empirical test. Firstly, this paper employs TVP-VAR model analyze time-varying impacts on panic index using monthly data from January 1990 November 2021. Then, after SVAR decompose volatility, uses PDL heterogeneous different sources. Finally, based results decomposition, TARC...

This study investigated the asymmetric effects of oil shocks–oil price, demand and supply shocks–on military expenditure in Nigeria. Our confirmed presence short-run long-run asymmetries all three models used. Generally, positive price shocks positively influence vice versa for negative shocks. However, a shock is detrimental to expenditure.

Using Canadian administrative data from multiple sources, we provide the first nationally representative estimates for the effect of spouses' cancer diagnoses on individuals' employment and earnings and on family income. Our identification strategy exploits unexpected health shocks and combines matching with individual fixed effects in a generalized difference-in-differences framework to contro...

This paper employs a multivariate dynamic conditional correlation GARCH model, which is developed by Engle (2001, 2002), to detect the timing and nature of changes in the comovement between Iranian output and prices for the periods after Iran–Iraq war , known as imposed war . The results showed that there is a weak correlation between output and prices after imposed war and  varies periodically...

Abstract We study the impact of bank credit on firm productivity. exploit a matched firm‐bank database, covering all relationships Italian corporations, to measure idiosyncratic supply‐side shocks availability and estimate production model augmented with financial frictions. find effect supply be asymmetric: contractions harm TFP growth, halting productivity‐enhancing activities; positive have ...