This thesis explores the relationship between anaphora and movement on a wide array of data primarily from Russian. I argue that anaphors and pronominals are underlyingly the same syntactic entity, an index, whereas conditions A and B of binding theory should be substituted by principles regulating the spell-out of an anaphoric element as a reflexive or a pronominal. Through cyclic covert movem...

Some analogies have been observed over the years between the semantics of pronouns, tenses and moods. Thus Partee 1973 suggested that tenses have all the uses that pronouns do, and should thus receive the same abstract analysis; her argument was then extended to mood in Stone 1997. Consider for instance the deictic use of pronouns, illustrated in (1)a. Partee's and Stone's suggestion was that t...

In many cases, as exemplified by (2), third-person pronouns co-refer with the subject of the previous sentence. Arnold (1998) found that third-person subject pronouns co-referred with the pervious sentence’s subject in 64% of cases drawn from a corpus of children’s books. Numerous studies have shown that in many cases adults expect pronouns to co-refer with previous subjects, even in the absenc...

Empirical results on the meaning of accented pronouns often conflict. This is a problem for formal semantic models. In this paper, we intend to broaden the empirical basis of two of these models. First, in a corpus study, we checked whether properties of the antecedent influence whether a pronoun is be accented. We found that pronouns with NP antecedents are more likely to be accented than thos...

We take a novel approach to zero pronoun resolution in Chinese: our model explicitly tracks the flow of focus in a discourse. Our approach, which generalizes to deictic references, is not reliant on the presence of overt noun phrase antecedents to resolve to, and allows us to address the large percentage of “non-anaphoric” pronouns filtered out in other approaches. We furthermore train our mode...

Research Article (RA) genre has been a significant area of research in academic writing over past decades. However, authors’ identity in RAs has not received much attention, especially in soft sciences like applied linguistics. This paper reports a corpus analysis of Iranian writers’ authorial presence markers in RAs in the field of applied linguistics. The corpus comprised 30 RAs (200,000 word...

This paper describes a method of the zero pronouns resolution and shows the application of the method for estimating zero pronouns. In our related works, we have obtained the method of zero pronouns resolution which uses pragmatic properties of Japanese conditionals. We built a system based on our method. With our system, we examine Japanese manual sentences, and we con rmed that the method wor...

The use of subject pronouns by bilingual speakers using both a pro-drop and a non-pro-drop language (e.g. Spanish heritage speakers in the USA) is a well-studied topic in research on cross-linguistic influence in language contact situations. Previous studies looking at bilinguals with different proficiency levels have yielded conflicting results on whether there is transfer from the non-pro-dro...