The genome of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae, a herbivore, is missing important elements of the canonical Drosophila immune pathways necessary to fight bacterial infections. However, it is not known whether spider mites can mount an immune response and survive bacterial infection. In other chelicerates, bacterial infection elicits a response mediated by immune effectors leading to the surv...

A series of 24a-substituted milbemycin A, deriyatiyes were synthesized from 24a-hydroxymilbemycin A,, which had been obtained by the microbial oxidation of milbemycin A,. The acaricidal activity of each synthesized derivative against 71etrait},chus urticae was tested and some of the derjvatives showed higher activits, than parent milbemyein A4. Among them, 24a-methylmilbemycin A, (22) was the m...

the foraging behavior of a natural enemy is greatly affected by temperature. the influence ofdifferent constant temperatures on the functional response and prey consumption of the mated female ofneoseiulus barkeri hughes on nymphal stages of tetranychus urticae koch was evaluated. four ambienttemperatures (20, 25, 30 and 35 â± 1â°c) and six prey densities (2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 individuals) we...

the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana (bals.) vuill. is one of the important arthropod pathogens that can play an important role in the regulation of mite populations in agricultural ecosystems. in this study, the combined effect of a native isolate of fungus b. bassiana (eut105) and ether-extract of plant, ginkgo biloba was evaluated against the two-spotted spider mite, tetranychus ur...

Over the past decades, genes of Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Berliner) (Bt) coding for protein toxins have been engineered into maize for protection against the European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.)). However, these transgenic plants may have an impact on non-target organisms. In particular, a potential hazard was identified for non-target lepidopteran larvae, if they consume ...

The spider mite Tetranychus evansi is an emerging pest of solanaceous crops worldwide. Like many other emerging pests, its small size, confusing taxonomy, complex history of associations with humans, and propensity to start new populations from small inocula, make the study of its invasion biology difficult. Here, we use recent developments in Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) and variatio...