CONTEXT Both high- and low-dose radiation exposures in women have been associated with low-birth-weight offspring. It is unclear if radiation affects the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis and thereby indirectly birth weight, or if the radiation directly affects the reproductive organs. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether antepartum dental radiography is associated with low-birth-weight offspri...

BACKGROUND In very-low-birth-weight infants IGF-I plays an important role in postnatal growth restriction and is probably also involved in growth restriction in childhood. We compared IGF-I and its relation to growth in early childhood in very-low-birth-weight infants and term appropriate for gestational age born infants. METHODS We included 41 very-low-birth-weight and 64 term infants. Anthr...

Physical activity and dietary modification work best. Family involvement, regular weight monitoring, and behavior modification also can help. Regular physical activity decreases long-term weight gain. Decreasing fat intake and increasing fruit and vegetable consumption also may decrease weight gain. Combined dietary and physical activity interventions prevent weight gain. Family involvement hel...

Objective: To compare the frequencies of newborn diseases in those newborns classified according to a weight/length rate and those classified by the adequacy weight for gestational age. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study by record assessment was carried out enclosing all the live newborns at Hospital Geral do Grajaú, from September to December, 2009 (n =577) classified according to ...

OBJECTIVE The current research aims to describe the weight-control strategies and family support for young people reporting sustained weight loss in a large, population-based sample. DESIGN Data were collected as part of Youth'07, a nationally representative survey of the health and well-being of New Zealand youth. SETTING New Zealand secondary schools, 2007. SUBJECTS Secondary-school stu...

OBJECTIVE To examine the role of television (TV) viewing in long-term maintenance of weight loss. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES All subjects (N = 1422) were enrolled in the National Weight Control Registry (NWCR), a national sample of adults who have maintained a minimum weight loss of 13.6 kg for at least 1 year. Participants self-reported the average number of hours of weekly TV viewing a...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of maternal BMI at start of pregnancy and maternal weight gain during pregnancy on the risk of various diseases later in life. METHODS In a population-based cohort from southern Sweden, women with at least one delivery registered in the Swedish Medical Birth Register ten or more years before answering a health questionnaire were identi...

BACKGROUND Gestational weight gain (GWG) is known to be a potential risk factor for short-term postpartum weight retention (PPWR) and thus for overweight in women. Does GWG also determine the long-term risk of overweight in women? OBJECTIVE We aimed to study the short- and long-term effects of GWG in accordance with the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations on postpartum weight retentio...

BACKGROUND Guidelines recommend gradual weight loss for the treatment of obesity, indicative of a widely held opinion that weight lost rapidly is more quickly regained. We aimed to investigate the effect of the rate of weight loss on the rate of regain in obese people. METHODS For this two phase, randomised, non-masked, dietary intervention trial in a Melbourne metropolitan hospital, we enrol...