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The intrasynovial flexor tendons of the hand are critical for normal hand function. Injury to these tendons can result in absent finger flexion, and a subsequent loss of overall hand function. The surgical techniques used to repair these tendons have improved in the past few decades, as have the postoperative rehabilitation protocols. In spite of these advances, intrasynovial flexor tendon repa...

The pathogenesis of trigger finger has generally been ascribed to primary changes in the first annular ligament. In contrast, we recently found histological changes in the tendons, similar to the findings in Achilles tendinosis. When we looked further for more similarities we found differences in gene expression in the trigger finger tendons in comparison to normal tendons, in a pattern similar...

A lesion similar to that described by Bankart in recurrent dislocation of the shoulder was seen in seven patients with recurrent dislocation of the peroneal tendons. Detachment of the periosteum had resulted in the formation of a false pouch on the surface of the lower end of the fibula; into this pouch the peroneal tendons could easily dislocate. Reattachment of the periosteum to drill holes i...

Tendons and ligaments are unique forms of connective tissue that are considered an integral part of the musculoskeletal system. The ultimate function of tendon is to connect muscles to bones and to conduct the forces generated by muscle contraction into movements of the joints, whereas ligaments connect bone to bone and provide joint stabilization. Unfortunately, the almost acellular and collag...

Gouty tenosynovitis in the hand is a rare entity. To date the limited cases described have involved predominantly extensor tendons in the fingers and flexor tendons in the palm or wrist. Flexor tendon involvement is less common and has been reported only twice to our knowledge distal to the palm. We report 3 cases of extra-articular gout presenting as tophaceous involvement of flexor tendons in...

PURPOSE To relate histologic changes in rotator cuff tendons to the appearance on T1-weighted as well as fat-suppressed T2-weighted and proton density-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences. MATERIALS AND METHODS T1-weighted, fat-suppressed T2-weighted and fat-suppressed proton density-weighted sequences of 18 cadaveric shoulders were acquired. The supraspinatus, infraspinatus, a...

The extensor digitorum brevis muscle (EDB) is a practical option for use as an island flap or free flap when reconstructing soft tissue defects in the ankle as well as in the entire lower limb. It is frequently used to correct crossover toe deformity and other painful toe disorders. We evaluated the morphometry of the EDB in 44 formalin-fixed limbs. Length and width of the muscles were measured...