INTRODUCTION One of the most devastating complications of deep burn injuries to the hand and finger is the exposure of joint, tendon, and neurovascular structures. The inevitable consequence of such injuries is severe deformity, often requiring joint fusions and digital amputations. Complicating this scenario is the anatomic limitation of few local and reliable soft tissue flaps available for t...

Tendon injury is a difficult clinical problem. Till now, the basic cell biology of tendons is still not fully understood and the management of tendon injury poses a considerable challenge for clinicians. Endogenous microRNAs are short noncoding RNA molecules which can negatively regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. The regulatory role of miRNA has well been studied in man...

Chronic ruptures of Achilles tendons are those that present four to six weeks after the original injury. They have become more common as acute Achilles tendon injuries have become more frequent, and they are associated with considerable functional morbidity. Most surgeons agree that chronic ruptures should be managed operatively. Diagnosis is based predominantly on history and clinical examinat...

RELEVANCE The overall incidence of Achilles tendon rupture has been increasing in recent decades due to population aging, the growing prevalence obesity and increased participation sports. ruptures are common injuries musculoskeletal system, according various authors, they account for 47% all human tendons muscles, about 18 cases per 100 thousand people year. Despite abundance options suture su...

The Anterior Tibialis Tendon (ATT) is usually the site of minor injuries due to its straight course, however, overuse still possible repetitive foot dorsiflexion. This tendon crosses anteromedial aspect ankle running toward medial border under inferior and superior extensor retinacula inserts at level cuneiform base first metatarsal bone. It can be prone tendinosis, tenosynovitis, partial or co...

This study presents a retrospective evaluation of patients managed with single-stage repair following complex extensor tendon injuries. Over a 2-year period, 21 extensor tendons were reconstructed in 18 patients with complex hand injuries in zones V-VII. All eight patients needed soft tissue cover. Active mobilisation was started in the first week. Total active motion (TAM) at 4 weeks was a mea...

The structures in the posterolateral corner of the knee, which stabilize the joint, are often involved in injuries to the posterior cruciate ligament. Familiar structures include the anterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, tibial collateral ligament, and menisci. Less familiar are the structures of the posterolateral corner, the most important of which are the fibular collatera...

Approaches to management of combined anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and high-grade medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries remain controversial. Some studies suggest that with grade III MCL injuries, patients may benefit from concurrent MCL reconstruction to restore stability and prevent increased stress on the ACL graft. We present a technique for simultaneous ACL/MCL reconstructions using...

The Achilles tendon is the most common ruptured tendon of human body. Reconstruction with polyethylene terephthalate (PET) artificial ligament is recommended in some serious cases. Sodium hyaluronate (HA) is beneficial for the healing of tendon injuries. We aimed to determine the effect of sodium hyaluronate in repair of Achilles tendon defect with PET artificial ligament in an animal tendon re...

Flexor Tendon injuries require surgical repair and intensive therapy post-operatively for optimal outcomes. “The repair technique is important but it is the way the tendon is managed afterwards that determines the outcome” ([1], page 112). Multiple protocols exist for the post-operative rehabilitation of tendon injuries. Currently four main options for post-operative treatment are utilized: imm...