An analysis of snow grain size behavior with respect to other snow parameters such as snow depth, density, and temperature was performed. From this analysis, a pattern was derived which can be used to approximate the range of grain size variations. Data used in this research are from NASA Cold Land Processes Field Experiment (CLPX) in Colorado. This intensive field survey was conducted in Febru...

We sketch a rigorous derivation of Fourier's law from a system of closure equations for a nonequilibrium stationary state of a Hamiltonian system of coupled oscillators subjected to heat baths on the boundary. The local heat flux is proportional to the temperature gradient with a temperature dependent heat conductivity and the stationary temperature exhibits a nonlinear profile.

[1] This work investigates how remote sensing of the quantities required to calculate clear-sky cooling rate profiles propagates into cooling rate profile knowledge. The formulation of a cooling rate profile error budget is presented for clear-sky scenes given temperature, water vapor, and ozone profile uncertainty. Using linear propagation of error analysis, an expression for the cooling rate ...

The vertical temperature profile and hence the stability in the atmosphere near the ground varies significantly between day and night. Typically, the potential temperature at the surface is higher than that above the ground during the day and lower than that above the ground during the night. Such differences in the vertical temperature profile might act to accelerate or slow down wildfire prop...

Viscous heating can play an important role in the dynamics of fluids with strongly temperature-dependent viscosities because of the coupling between the energy and momentum equations. The heat generated by viscous friction produces a local temperature increase near the tube walls with a consequent decrease of the viscosity and a strong stratification in the viscosity profile. The problem of vis...

The hypothesis of convective quasi-equilibrium states that moist convection reacts almost instantly to drive the atmospheric temperature profile throughout the troposphere to one of a special subset of possible profiles. In a simple case this might consist of a moist adiabat with the saturated moist entropy of the adiabat equaling the moist entropy of the boundary layer. In more complex cases t...

In a spatially periodic temperature profile, directed transport of an overdamped Brownian particle can be induced along a periodic potential. With a load force applied to the particle, this setup can perform as a heat engine. For a given load, the optimal potential maximizes the current and thus the power output of the heat engine. We calculate the optimal potential for different temperature pr...

The purpose of this study is to discuss the temperature and stress distribution problem of the interverbral disc while the surgical operation of PLDD is processing. This study also further discuss the water content of disc changes with age to cause variation of thermal conductivity thermal expansion coefficient specific heat and related parameters, and the effect of thermal conductivity related...

This paper presents the study of induced currents and temperature distribution in gear heated by induction process using 2D finite element (FE) model. The model is developed by coupling Maxwell and heat transfer equations into a multi-physics model. The obtained results allow comparing the medium frequency (MF) and high frequency (HF) cases and the effect of machine parameters on the evolution ...

Residual lifetime estimation has gained a key point among the techniques that improve the reliability and the efficiency of power converters. The main cause of failures are the junction temperature cycles exhibited by switching devices during their normal operation; therefore, reliable power converter lifetime estimation requires the knowledge of the junction temperature time profile. Since on-...