Leishmania parasites cause a group of diseases collectively known as leishmaniases. The primary hosts of Leishmania are sylvatic mammals of several orders (Rodentia, Marsupialia, Carnivora, etc.). Under certain circumstances, particularly in peridomestic and domestic transmission foci, synanthropic and domestic animals can act as source of infection for phlebotomine sand fly vectors. Dogs have ...

Gas injection into heavy oil reservoirs could result in high ultimate recovery of oil. Experimental studies showed that an application of a combined technology of Gas Assisted Gravity Drainage (GAGD) and Vapor Extraction (VAPEX) could increase final oil recovery of a candidate viscous oil reservoir. In this paper the results of laboratory investigation are presented, including Pressure-Volu...

Since the development bloom in unconventional reservoirs in North America, total organic carbon (TOC) has become a more essential parameter, as the indicator of the efficiency of these reservoirs. In this paper, by using conventional well logs and NMR log data, the TOC content of an unconventional reservoir in West Africa is estimated. Passy’s, Issler’s, and Schmoker’s methods were used as indi...

iran's proved natural gas reserves are the world's second largest reserves. mainly, because of different climate changes and different reservoirs characterizations, studying the behavior of producing outcome fluids and their transportation, is of major interest. one of the main problems occur in the gas reservoirs is related to the hydrate formation while producing from a well, either in produc...

CO2 EOR and Storage in Oil Reservoirs — CO2 injection into tertiary oil reservoirs has been widely accepted as an effective technique for enhanced oil recovery (EOR), and has been used by the oil industry for over 40 years. Concerns over greenhouse gas emissions are leading to the investigation and realisation of its potential as a carbon storage method in recent years. With the right reservoir...

we study the dynamics of two three-level atoms interacting with independent bosonic lorentzian reservoirs at zero temperature. such systems can be created in far astronomical objects. quantum mechanical behaviour of these particles can produce detectable effects on the spectroscopic identifications of these objects, if such behaviour remain stable during the interaction with their media. it is ...

breeding places of a. stephensi were studied in bandar abbas city, on persian gulf to determine the characteristics of breeding places and the larval density. the conventional standard dipper was used and all stages in ten dippers were considered as measuring scales. the study showed the presence of larvae in seven different types of breeding places which were: barrels and pounds which were use...

Carbon Dioxide Storage in Natural Gas Reservoir — The general idea of CO2 disposal in gas reservoirs is that the underground volume of the ultimately recoverable hydrocarbons (gas and condensate) is replaced by CO2. This paper investigates the feasibility of carbon dioxide disposal in depleted gas reservoirs. Gas reservoirs are a practical storage site for the carbon dioxide, because the presen...

In this paper we develop a pseudo function approach to obtain relative permeabilities for the numerical simulation of three-dimensional petroleum reservoirs. This approach follows the idea of an experimental approach and combines an analytical solution technique for two-phase flow with a numerical simulation technique for cross-sectional models of these three-dimensional reservoirs. The advanta...

The introduction in 1996 of the HAART raised hopes for the eradication of HIV-1. Unfortunately, the discovery of latent HIV-1 reservoirs in CD4+ T cells and in the monocyte-macrophage lineage proved the optimism to be premature. The long-lived HIV-1 reservoirs constitute a major obstacle to the eradication of HIV-1. In this review, we focus on the establishment and maintenance of HIV-1 latency ...