RORγt is the key transcription factor controlling the development and function of CD4+ Th17 and CD8+ Tc17 cells. Across a range of human tumors, about 15% of the CD4+ T cell fraction in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are RORγ+ cells. To evaluate the role of RORγ in antitumor immunity, we have identified synthetic, small molecule agonists that selectively activate RORγ to a greater extent than t...

Background: Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, as essential parts of the adaptive immune system, play pivotal roles in anti-tumor immune responses. It is well documented that cytokine expression profiles and activation status of these cells during anti-tumor immune responses affect the outcome of host-tumor interaction. Objective: To investigate the percentages of CD8+ lymphocytes and their subsets in...

Abstract BACKGROUNDS Perianal fistulas occur in ~30-40% of patients associated with high morbidity and an impaired quality life. The management perianal fistulizing CD is a major clinical challenge, where its underlying etiology poorly understood. METHODS We recruited history of: 1) fistulas; 2) without involvement; 3) idiopathic fistulas. Biopsies were taken from the fistula tracts, external o...

Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by endothelial activation (EA), dysfunction and vascular inflammation, leading to accelerated atherosclerosis. In the last decade, a renewed interest in cryotherapy - local or whole body has emerged. Although growing evidence demonstrated that ice reduces not only pain but also disease progression, whether such therapy might blunt disorders ...

Tumor cells and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) competes for glucose and other metabolites within the tumor microenvironment for their survival. Glucose consumption by tumors metabolically restricts T cell’s ability to produce effector cytokines and therefore approaches to improve the overall metabolic fitness of TIL may improve tumor regression in cancer patients. Long-term survival and a...

Copyright © 2015 Nona Janikashvili et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. T lymphocytes are essential for the development and regulation of adaptive immune responses. Upon engagement of their specific antigen recep...

Cellular sources of IL-23 and IL-17A driving skin inflammation in psoriasis remain unclear. Using high-dimensional unsupervised flow cytometry analysis, mononuclear phagocytes T cells were examined the same lesions patients before during guselkumab (IL-23p19 blocker) or secukinumab (IL-17A treatment. Among CD11c+HLA-DR+ phagocytes, CD64brightCD163−CD14brightCD1c−CD1a‒ inflammatory monocyte‒like...

IL-17-producing CD4 T cells (Th17 cells) are understood to be a distinct lineage of CD4 T helper (Th) cells, which play an important role in the host defense, tissue inflammation and autoimmunity. The identification of Th17 cells collapsed the concept of the previously held Th1/Th2 paradigm in infection and autoimmunity. Recent studies have provided new information on the role of Th17 cells in ...