New and old methods of analyzing two-choice experiments with confidence ratings are evaluated. These include the theory of signal detectability (TSD), Luce's choice theory,nonparametric techniques based on areas under receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) functions, andmethods based on S' and omega, proposed by Balakrishnan and his colleagues. New methods for assessing the bias of a complete ...

Production of Recombinant -Hexosaminidase A, a Potential Enzyme for Replacement Therapy for Tay-Sachs and Sandhoff Diseases, in the Methylotrophic Yeast Ogataea minuta Hiromi Akeboshi, Yasunori Chiba,* Yoshiko Kasahara, Minako Takashiba, Yuki Takaoka, Mai Ohsawa, Youichi Tajima, Ikuo Kawashima, Daisuke Tsuji, Kohji Itoh, Hitoshi Sakuraba, and Yoshifumi Jigami* Research Center for Glycoscience, ...

The present study analyses the variations of the skin resistance level (SRL) during 48 h of total sleep deprivation (TSD) and its relationship to body temperature, self-informed sleepiness in the Stanford Sleepiness Scale (SSS), and reaction time (RT). All of the variables were evaluated every 2 h except for the SSS, which was evaluated every hour. A total of 30 healthy subjects (15 men and 15 ...

Robarts Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; The Center for Alaska Native Health Research, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK; The Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto; The Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science of St. Micha...

Disturbances in the sleep–wake rhythm and/or sleep deprivation are frequent events in modern life. Many subjects can be chronically sleep deprived as a result of current life style expectations as occurs in the case of night shift workers, on-call doctors, truck drivers and airplane pilots, situations of prolonged athletic competition, insomnia or sleep apnea (Bonnet and Arand 1995). Such deter...

Thermal tolerances are affected by the range of temperatures that species encounter in their habitat. Daniel Janzen hypothesized in his "Why mountain passes are higher in the tropics" that temperature gradients were effective barriers to animal movements where climatic uniformity was high. Sea turtles bury their eggs providing some thermal stability that varies with depth. We assessed the relat...

The negative impact of sleep loss on procedural memory is well established, yet it remains unclear how extended practice opportunities or daytime naps can modulate the effect of a night of sleep deprivation. Here, participants underwent three training and test conditions on a sequential finger tapping task (SFTT) separated by at least one week. In the first condition they were trained in the ev...

Although prenatal screening is routinely undertaken as part of a woman's antenatal care, the ethics surrounding it are complex. In this paper, the author examines the Jewish position on the permissibility of several tests, including those for Down's syndrome and Tay-Sachs disease, the latter being especially common in the Jewish community. Clearly, the status of the tests depends on whether ter...

It is well known that free (unconstrained) initial data for the gravitational field in general relativity can be identified on an initial hypersurface consisting of two intersecting null hypersurfaces. Here the phase space of vacuum general relativity associated with such an initial data hypersurface is defined; a Poisson bracket is defined, via Peierls’ prescription, on sufficiently regular fu...

The subject of this paper is the derivation of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe (iSW) effect in cosmologies with coupled dark matter and dark energy fluids. These couplings influence the iSWeffect in three ways: The Hubble function assumes a different scaling, the structure growth rate shows a different time evolution, and in addition, the Poisson equation, which relates the density perturbations to ...