We study how student behaviors associated with disengagement differ between different school settings. Towards this, we investigate the variation in the frequency of off-task behavior, gaming the system, and carelessness in an urban school, a rural school, and a suburban school in the United States of America. This analysis is conducted by applying automated detectors of these behaviors to data...

Actors are intelligent pieces of software automously performing some function within a larger system. The current state of the art generally allows for either an actor to have complete control over the performance of the task or for a user to take back complete control. This work will look at intermediate levels of control, i.e. users having partial control over the performance of a task. Speci...

The present study (N = 86) sought to evaluate a laboratory-based behavioral measure of risk taking (the Balloon Analogue Risk Task; BART) and to test associations between this measure and self-report measures of risk-related constructs as well as self-reported real-world risk behaviors. The BART evidenced sound experimental properties, and riskiness on the BART was correlated with scores on mea...

We present a supervised learning from demonstration system capable of training stateful and recurrent collective behaviors for multiple agents or robots. A model space of this kind is often high-dimensional and consequently may require a large number of samples to learn. Furthermore, the inverse problem posed by emergent macrophenomena among multiple agents presents major challenges to supervis...

This paper describes a general approach for automatically programming a behavior-based robot. New behaviors are learned by trial and error using a performance feedback function as reinforcement. Two algorithms for behavior learning are described that combine techniques for propagating reinforcement values temporally across actions and spatially across states. A behavior-based robot called OBELI...

This paper describes a general approach for automatically programming a behavior-based robot. New behaviors are learned by trial and error using a performance feedback function as reinforcement. Two algorithms for behavior learning are described that combine techniques for propagating reinforcement values temporally across actions and spatially across states. A behavior-based robot called OBELI...

Satisfied couples report that positive, intimate communication is central to their relationship. We developed the positive reminiscence task, in which couples discuss positive relationship moments to assess communication of positive intimacy. The behavior and heart rate of 28 satisfied and 25 distressed couples were assessed during positive reminiscence and problem solving. As predicted, satisf...

Social media use in the workplace may simultaneously contribute to productive behaviors (taskoriented and relationship-building) as well as unproductive behaviors (deviance) at work. Building on channel expansion theory the authors examine the impact of using social media on these organizational behaviors. Using a sample of 220 working individuals they found that intensity of social media use c...

In this research work, an RWI B-14 robot has been used as the development platform to embody some basic behaviors that can be combined to build more complex robotics behaviors. Emergency, avoid-obstacle, left wallfollowing, right wall-following, and move-to-point behaviors have been designed and embodied as basic robot behaviors. The basic behaviors developed in this research are designed based...

BACKGROUND Organizational citizenship behavior, or extra-role behavior, refers to voluntarily going beyond job task requirements. This study aims to provide a new lens to citizenship behaviors by specifically exploring different expectations of citizenship behaviors related to employees' demography and suggesting how such expectations might shape employees' citizenship behaviors. RESULTS Usin...