The rates of adsorption of three commercial reactive dyes and Cu(II) from water in the absence and presence of complexing agents using chitosan were measured at 308C. Three simplified kinetic models, i.e., pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion, were tested to investigate the adsorption mechanisms. It was shown that the adsorption of reactive dyes and Cu(II) in the...

In the crystal structure of the title compound {alternative name: 1-[1-(2-hydroxy-phen-yl)ethyl-ideneamino]-3-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl-eneamino)urea}, C(18)H(17)N(5)O(2), the planar indole component is twisted at an angle of 63.7 (10)° with respect to the rest of the mol-ecule. This compound is one of a series being studied for biological activity. The hydr-oxy groups are involved in both intra-mol...

In an earlier study of the effect of culture of excised tobacco leaves in darkness in solutions of a number of common organic acids (1)) it was noted that the behavior of the malic and citric acids in leaves cultured in (+)tartrate differed little if at all from that observed in the control samples cultured in solutions of inorganic salts. However, the so called “unknown acid” fraction, i.e. th...

Objective: The aim of this preliminary study was to investigate gel forming of Makjong powder in effervescent blend and evaluate the probability to develop Makjong effervescent powder formulation for medicinal and beverage applications. Methods: Blank effervescent blend consisted of citric acid, tartaric acid, and sodium bicarbonate with different ratio was prepared. The effervescent blends wer...

The improved performance of the sparteine surrogate compared to sparteine in a range of applications has highlighted the need to develop an approach to the (-)-sparteine surrogate, previously inaccessible in gram-quantities. A multi-gram scale, chromatography-free synthesis of the racemic sparteine surrogate and its resolution via diastereomeric salt formation with (-)-O,O'-di-p-toluoyl-l-tarta...

Background: Antiseptic products that are widely found in the market contain chloroxylenol which can cause irritation and allergic reactions when used frequently. In addition, antiseptic liquid form considered less practical economical. The alternative to overcome these problems is utilize natural ingredients made solid dosage forms of effervescent tablets. One plant has potential as an papaya l...

The behavior of hydroxypyruvic acid, CHzOH. CO. COOH, and some of its transformation products toward periodic acid, treated in detail in the preceding paper (I), suggested an orienting study of the action of this oxidant on glyoxylic acid, CHO. COOH, and other a-keto acids or on compounds giving rise to such keto acids, following oxidation by periodate. While cr-glycols, a-ketols, a-diketones, ...

A novel form of hydroponic culture was employed to explore the physiological function of roots of a tea plant (Camellia sinensis). The pH of the nutrient solution with an actively growing tea plant decreased during cultivation. Furthermore, no oxalic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid or citric acid, all possible factors in acidification, was detected in the nutrient solution of a growing plant. A...

Red muscadine (Vitis rotundifolia Michx.) juices with natural organic, phenolic acids and polyphenol compounds were tested against Cronobacter sakazakii. The concentration of total phenolic compounds of commercial baby juices ranged from 176.7 to 347.7 mg/mL. Commercial baby juices showed poor antimicrobial activity, reducing less than 1-log of C. sakazakii in juice samples for 2 h at 37 degree...