The pioneers of modern closed-circuit oxygen attack swimming were the Italians. In the early days of World War Two, the Italian Navy found itself lacking the surface warfare power of other nations. In an effort to overcome this deficiency, they developed a cadre of intrepid naval commandos who attacked ships riding on torpedoes and using closed-circuit oxygen underwater breathing apparatuses (U...

Objective-To determine if the oil spillage from the tanker Braer had any immediate health effects on the exposed resident population. Design-Cohort study with a comparison against controls, exposure status being assigned on the basis ofgeographical location. Setting-Rural Shetland. Subjects-All those resident on or after 5 January 1993 (day 0) within 4 5 km of the site of tanker's grounding. Co...

We consider a rich tanker trailer routing problem with stochastic transit times for chemicals and liquid bulk orders. A typical route of the tanker trailer comprises of sourcing a cleaned and prepped trailer from a pre-wash location, pickup and delivery of chemical orders, cleaning the tanker trailer at a post-wash location after order delivery and prepping for the next order. Unlike traditiona...

The optimisation of a non-linear control problem by Genetic Algorithm (GA) is studied in this paper. It involves the performance of a fully autonomous control system for regulating the course keeping manoeuvres of an oil tanker. This control system consists of an autopilot and a Sliding Mode Controller (SMC). The GA is used to optimise the performance of the complete system by optimising the pa...

Traditional ship-building is still widely practiced in Indonesia, Indonesia. Every province and regions has different characteristics in the design of ships in the traditional ships. The procedure to build traditional ships is far from the influence of technology. These provide a weakness on the safety for the design and operation. Current research seeks to promote a better understanding on des...