In the course of studies on the metabolism of active components of Huangqin-Tang by human intestinal flora (HIF), Huangqin-Tang and all individual herbs in the decoctions were incubated with a human fecal suspension separately. By using a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method which was previously established in our laboratory, the metabolites in both the compound prescription an...

h Abstract Background: Bojungikki-tang, a herbal medicine for strengthening the digestive system, has been widely used in East Asian countries since the Yuan Dynasty in China. Moreover, Bojungikki-tang has reportedly exhibited anti-allergy effects in many clinical trials. This systematic review will assess the effectiveness and safety of Bojungikki-tang for allergic rhinitis (AR). Methodsand an...

The reasons physicists give for studying colloids are varied. Our initial motivation was that colloids can serve as model experimental systems to study simple fluids because with careful preparation, colloids approximate hard particles. Numerous studies have investigated the phase behavior, structure, and macroscopic viscoelastic properties of suspensions of spherical colloids (Poon and Pusey 1...

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Many gram-negative plant and animal pathogenic bacteria employ a type III secretion system (T3SS) to subvert and colonize their respective host organisms. The T3SS injects effector proteins directly into the cytosol of eukaryotic cells and thus allows the manipulation of host cellular activities to the benefit of the pathogen. In plant pathogenic bacteria, T3SSs are encoded by hrp (for hypersen...

Tang, Tong, Mei Hua Gao, David M. Roth, Tracy Guo, and H. Kirk Hammond. Adenylyl cyclase type VI corrects cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium uptake defects in cardiomyopathy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 287: H1906–H1912, 2004. First published July 8, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00356.2004.—Calcium malfunction plays a central role in heart failure. Here, we provide evidence that adenylyl ...

Introduction Cardiac myocyte contraction is driven by the coordinated release of Ca from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). This release of Ca occurs through the cardiac RyR2. Physiologically, Ca release occurs in response to an influx of Ca through L-type Ca channels, via a mechanism termed CICR. This transient increase in cytosolic Ca activates the RyR2 channel as a result of Ca binding to the ...

Web-based authentication is a popular mechanism implemented by Wireless Internet Service Providers (WISPs) because it allows a simple registration and authentication of customers, while avoiding high resource requirements of the new IEEE 802.11i security standard and backward compatibility issues of legacy devices. In this work we demonstrate two different and novel attacks against web-based au...

Constant increase in use of wireless infrastructure networks for business purposes created a need for strong safety mechanisms. This paper describes WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) protocol for the protection of wireless networks, its security deficiencies, as well as the various kinds of attacks that can jeopardize security goals of WEP protocol: authentication, confidentiality and integrity. T...