Tail docking of piglets is a routine procedure on farms to control tail-biting behaviour; however, docking can cause an acute stress response. The objectives of this research were to determine the stress responses to tail docking in piglets and to compare two methods of tail docking; cautery iron (CAUT) and the more commonly used blunt trauma cutters (BT). At approximately 6 days of age, piglet...

background and objective: due to the presence of some evidence for anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity of tribulus terrestris (tt), this study was designed to investigate the anti-nociceptive effect of tt in streptozotocin-diabetic rats using formalin test and hot tail immersion tests. materials and methods: rats were divided into control, tt-treated control, diabetic, sodium salicylate (ss)...

introduction: celastrus paniculatus seed oil, commonly known as malkangni or jyotishmati, was in use from time immemorial to treat brain related disorders. celastrus paniculatus seed oil has significant antidepressant-like activity in chronic unpredictable stressed mice. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the antidepressant-like effect of celastrus paniculatus seed oil in unstressed m...

objective: pimpinella anisum (p. anisum) has different pharmacological properties such as anticonvulsant, analgesic, tranquilizer, antidepressant and anti-anxiety effects. in this study the antidepressant-like effect of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of p. anisum fruit in mice was investigated. materials and methods: forced swimming test (fst) and tail suspension test (tst) were used to determi...

bulbospinal noradrenergic pathways are shown to have an important role in descending inhibition of pain sensation. locus ceruleus (lc), as a rich noradrenergic nucleus in the brain stem which has projections into the dorsal horn of the spinal cord, was evaluated for antinociceptive activity by using tonic and phasic pain models in the rat. lc-lesioned rats demonstrated moderate increase in both...

The lizard tail is well known for its ability to autotomize and regenerate. Physical contact of the tail by a predator may induce autotomy at the location at which the tail is grasped, and upon detachment the tail may undergo violent, rapid, and unpredictable movements that appear to be, to some degree, regulated by contact with the physical environment. Neither the mechanism by which tail brea...

Research has been conducted in Landono and Mowila Subdistricts of South Konawe Regency October-December 2020. The subjects the study were ranchers beef cattle traders. Location determination is done intentionally (purposive sampling) while farmers who become respondents are taken as many 60 people, consisting 30 each sub-district, which determined randomly simple (simple random sampling). varia...

New notions of tail and nontail dependence are used to characterize separately extremal and nonextremal information, including tail log-exceedances and events, and tail-trimmed levels. We prove that near epoch dependence (McLeish, 1975; Gallant and White, 1988) and L0-approximability (Pötscher and Prucha, 1991) are equivalent for tail events and tail-trimmed levels, ensuring a Gaussian central ...

This paper asks whether unpopular tail items in usergenerated content corpora are important, and how tail items differ from the popular head items. We develop a user-centric characterisation of the tail which shows that although the head receives a disproportionate share of interest, tail items collectively serve a large number of users. “Tail seekers”, with more ‘like’s in the tail than the he...