We introduce nearly Frank t-norms as t-norms which are generated from Frank t-norms by means of a negation-preserving automorphism. We state basic properties of nearly Frank t-norms and we show their speci c role in the characterization of T -measures. 1 Basic facts about T -norms A t-norm (fuzzy conjunction) is a binary operation T : [0; 1]2 ! [0; 1] which is commutative, associative, nondecre...

We introduce the notions of T-dual Rickart and strongly T-dual Rickart modules. We provide several characterizations and investigate properties of each of these concepts. It is shown that every free (resp. finitely generated free) $R$-module is T-dual Rickart if and only if $overline{Z}^2(R)$ is a  direct summand of $R$ and End$(overline{Z}^2(R))$ is a semisimple (resp. regular) ring. It is sho...

The notion of an intuitionistic fuzzy metric space is a natural generalization of the fuzzy metric space concept which provides mechanisms to measure the degree of nearness and remoteness between two elements of a fuzzy set according to a parameter t. In this work we show how, interpreting t as a value representing the evolution time of an information system, we can use effective prediction too...

In the traditional (static) fuzzy logic approach, we select an “and”-operation (tnorm) and an “or”-operation (t-conorm). The result of applying these selected operations may be somewhat different from the actual expert’s degrees of belief in the corresponding logical combinations A&B and A∨B of the original statements – since these degrees depend not only on the expert’s degrees of belief in st...