PURPOSE T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing molecule 3 (Tim-3) plays an important role in regulating T cells in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, few researches have reported the association of Tim-3 genetic variants with susceptibility and progression of HBV infection. In this study, we focused on the association of Tim-3 polymorphisms...

The protective immunity afforded by CD8(+) T cells against blood-stage malaria remains controversial because no MHC class I molecules are displayed on parasite-infected human erythrocytes. We recently reported that rodent malaria parasites infect erythroblasts that express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigens, which are recognized by CD8(+) T cells. In this study, we demonstr...

Cancer immunotherapies such as sipuleucel-T and ipilimumab are promising new treatments that harness the power of the immune system to fight cancer and achieve long-lasting remission. Interleukin (IL)-27, a member of the IL-12 heterodimeric cytokine family, has pleiotropic functions in the regulation of immune responses with both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Evidence obtai...

The microenvironment of follicular lymphoma (FL) is composed of tumor-infiltrating CD8(+) T cells, follicular regulatory T cells, lymphoma-associated macrophages and mast cells, follicular helper T cells, follicular dendritic cells, and follicular reticular cells, all of which have been reported to have relevance in the prognosis of FL patients. In addition, some of these cells play a role in t...

T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin (TIM) family molecules are cell membrane proteins, preferentially expressed on various immune cells and implicated in recognition and clearance of apoptotic cells. Little is known of their function outside human and mouse, and nothing outside mammals. We identified only two TIM genes (chTIM) in the chicken genome, putative orthologues of mammalian TIM1 and TIM4, ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS This study investigated the expression of T cell immunoglobulin- and mucin-domain-containing molecule 3 (TIM-3), human β-defensin (HBD)-2, forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3), and the frequency of CD4(+) CD25(+) FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs) in children with Crohn's disease (CD) during infliximab therapy. METHODS We enrolled 20 CD patients who received infliximab treatment fo...

Sepsis is an exaggerated inflammatory condition response to different microorganisms with high mortality rates and extremely poor prognosis. Natural killer (NK) cells have been reported to be the major producers of IFN-γ and key players in promoting systematic inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxic shock. T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain (Tim)-3 pathway has been demons...

BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) evades immune surveillance by inducing immunosuppression via receptor-ligand interactions between immune checkpoint molecules. T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) is a key checkpoint receptor responsible for exhaustion and dysfunction of T cells and plays a critical role in immunosuppression. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion mo...