History of medicine goes back practically to the existence of human being. The current accepted Modern Medicine or allopathy has gradually developed over the years of scientific and observational efforts of scientists-however, the basis of its development remains in the roots of traditional medicine and therapies. Plants are the most exclusive source of drugs for the majority of World's populat...

The main strategy of algorithms in this class is to substitute “repeated strings”, i.e., exact replicas of a substring in a string, within the text with a convenient coding scheme. Those methods generally fall into the Macro Model for Data Compression introduced and studied by Storer and Szymanski (1982). The well known algorithms by Ziv and Lempel (1977, 1978), as well as many others, turn out...

The circulation of Gnostic Gospel and Acts and the still more dangerous competition of a compact New Testament put out by the semi-Gnostic Marcion forced the Church in self-defence to assign an exclusive canonical authority-not inferior to that heretofore ascribed to the Old Testament-to those older lives of Christ which it regarded as specially authentic. Thus c. A.D. 180 we find the Four Gosp...

Fungi respond and adapt to many environmental signals including light. The photobiology of fungi has been extensively investigated, but in recent years the identification of the first fungal photoreceptor, WC-1 in the ascomycete Neurospora crassa, and the discovery that similar photoreceptors are required for photoreception in other ascomycete, basidiomycete and zygomycete fungi has allowed the...

A SYNOPSIS OF MEDICINE. By Sir Henry Letheby Tidy, K.B.E., M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P. Bristol: John Wright & Sons. Pp. 1215. 30s. WHEN, in 1920, Dr. H. L. Tidy set himself the task of producing "A Synopsis of Medicine" it was a formidable undertaking. How successful its outcome and how ac-ceptable to thousands of. medical readers is shown by the need for an eighth edition in 1945. The task which face...

If one accepts that the design of the forms used in clinical trials is important, and that there is behavioural research which might be drawn on to improve their design, the question now is how can such improvements be achieved. One mistaken view is to hope that when behavioural scientists have explored all the many facets of form design there will arise a set of guidelines that guarantee succe...

There has been a recent resurgence of interest in the study of play behavior, marked by much empirical research and theoretical review. These efforts suggest that play may be of greater biological significance than most scientists realize. Here we present a brief synopsis of current play research covering issues of adaptive function, phylogeny, causal mechanisms, and development. Our goal is to...

In this synopsis, we classify the solutions to the LCCS contained in this Special Issue according to a number of criteria. Furthermore, we provide brief descriptions of the focus of each solution, the major achievements and possible shortcomings. We leave it to the reader to establish a ranking of the different approaches, taking into account that the objectives of the contributions differ from...