More insight or only more parameters? A recent claim that the development of new density functional theory (DFT) functionals is straying from the right path has sparked a lively discussion among theoretical chemists about the future of DFT. Power-to-Syngas: An Enabling Technology for the Transition of the Energy System? Dipl.-Chem. Severin R. Foit, Dr. Izaak C. Vinke, Dr. Lambertus G. J. de Haa...

Chemical-Looping auto-thermal Reforming (CLRa) is a new process for hydrogen production from natural gas that uses the same principles as Chemical-Looping Combustion (CLC). The main difference with CLC is that the desired product is syngas (H2 + CO) instead of CO2 + H2O. For that, in the CLRa process the air to fuel ratio is kept low to prevent the complete oxidation of the fuel. The major adva...

Today there is a worldwide interest in the use of biomass as an environmental friendly renewable energy source. The depletion of fossil oil reserves, constant uncertainties as far as price is concerned, unsecured supplies, and environmental pollution are among the many energy problems, when the use of fossil fuels are considered. Greenhouse effect and its consequences on climate change is one o...

2.1 Background .................................................................................................... 26 2.2 Syngas Classification Based on its Heating Value ........................................ 28 2.2.1 Low-Btu Gas ...................................................................................... 29 2.2.2 Medium-Btu Gas........................................................

Fossil fuels are still widely used for power generation. Nevertheless, it is possible to attain a shortand medium-term substantial reduction of greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere through a sequestration of the CO2 produced in fuels’ oxidation. The chemical-looping combustion (CLC) technique is based on a chemical intermediate agent, which gets oxidized in an air reactor and is then cond...

Synthetic fuels are based on syngas, a mixture of CO and H2, which can be obtained from natural gas or gasification of coal and biomass. Synthetic fuels are a great drop-in fuel alternative to fossil fuels as they can help meet global energy needs, ensure energy security and reduce the carbon footprint. Mobil pioneered a revolutionary route for synthetic fuel synthesis with two stages: (1) synt...

The acetogen Clostridium ljungdahlii is capable of syngas fermentation and microbial electrosynthesis. Biofilm formation could benefit both these applications, but was not yet reported for C. ljungdahlii. Biofilm formation does not occur under standard growth conditions, but attachment or aggregation could be induced by different stresses. The strongest biofilm formation was observed with the a...

In the entrained-flow gasifiers used in integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) plants, the majority of mineral matter transforms to liquid slag on the wall of the gasifier and flows out the bottom. However, a small fraction of the mineral matter is entrained (as fly ash) with the raw syngas out of the gasifier to downstream processing. This molten/sticky fly ash could cause fouling of th...

Dry reforming is a process allowing simultaneous conversion of hydrocarbons (methane being the prototype molecule used for this study) to syngas using carbon dioxide as an oxidizing agent. Such strategy may eventually become an opportunity for the industrial sector to produce syngas whilst valorizing residual CO2. As reported previously, an iron-based catalyst, i.e. steel wool, activated by an ...

Gasification of pyrolysis oil was studied in a fluidized bed over a wide temperature range (523-914 °C) with and without the use of nickel-based catalysts. Noncatalytically, a typical fuel gas was produced. Both a special designed fluid bed catalyst and a crushed commercial fixed bed catalyst showed an initial activity for syngas (H2 and CO) production at T >700 °C. However, these catalysts los...