BACKGROUND A large vestibular aqueduct (LVA) is the most common inner ear anomaly found on the imaging evaluation of children with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). It is frequently associated with syndromic and nonsyndromic forms of SNHL or as an isolated finding. Large vestibular aqueduct syndrome can be characterized by delayed-onset, fluctuating, asymmetric, unilateral or bilateral SNHL or...

We mapped a human deafness locus DFNB36 to chromosome 1p36.3 in two consanguineous families segregating recessively inherited deafness and vestibular areflexia. This phenotype co-segregates with either of two frameshift mutations, 1988delAGAG and 2469delGTCA, in ESPN, which encodes a calcium-insensitive actin-bundling protein called espin. A recessive mutation of ESPN is known to cause hearing ...

The common occurrence of hearing loss in both humans and mice, and the anatomical and functional similarities of their inner ears, attest to the potential of mice being used as models to study inherited hearing loss. A large-scale, auditory screening project is being undertaken at The Jackson Laboratory (TJL) to identify mice with inherited hearing disorders. To assess hearing sensitivity, at l...

introduction: neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most important factors affecting the auditory system and can cause sensorineural hearing loss. this study investigated the relationship between behavioral hearing thresholds in children with a history of jaundice and the maximum level of bilirubin concentration in the blood.   materials and methods: this study was performed on 18 children ...

The genetics of both syndromic (SHL) and non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) is characterized by a high degree of genetic heterogeneity. We analyzed whole exome sequencing data of 102 unrelated probands with apparently NSHL without a causative variant in known NSHL genes. We detected five causative variants in different SHL genes (SOX10, MITF, PTPN11, CHD7, and KMT2D) in five (4.9%) probands. Cli...

Gap junctions, which mediate rapid intercellular communication, consist of connexins, small transmembrane proteins that belong to a large family of proteins found throughout the species. Mutations in the GJB2 gene, encoding Connexin 26, can cause nonsyndromic autosomal recessive or dominant hearing loss with or without skin manifestations. A 3-yr-old Korean female and her mother presented to ou...

Mutations in the connexin26 (Cx26) gene are not only a major cause of nonsyndromic deafness, but can also cause syndromic forms of hearing loss that are associated with palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK, i.e., Vohwinkel's syndrome). It is not clear how two very distinct pathologies can arise from different mutations within the same connexin gene. This review summarizes the available data on wildtyp...

Hereditary hearing loss (HL) is a common sensory disorder, with an incidence of 1-2 per 1000 newborns, and has a genetic etiology in over 50% of cases. It occurs either as part of a syndrome or in isolation and is genetically very heterogeneous which poses a challenge for clinical and molecular diagnosis. We used exome sequencing to seek a genetic cause in a group of 56 subjects (49 probands) w...

Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) have been observed in individuals with hearing loss (HL), but IMDs are rarely the cause of syndromic HL. With early diagnosis, management HL is more effective and cortical reorganization possible aids or cochlear implants. This review describes relationships between terms incidence, etiology HL, pathophysiology, treatment. Forty types described literature, m...

Background The mitochondrial DNA mutation m.1555A>G predisposes to permanent idiosyncratic aminoglycoside-induced deafness that is independent of dose. Research suggests that in some families, m.1555A>G may cause non-syndromic deafness, without aminoglycoside exposure, as well as reduced hearing thresholds with age (age-related hearing loss). Objectives To determine whether adults with m.1555A...