For investment or professional service partnerships (in general, for partnerships where measures of the partners’ contributions are available), we consider a family of partnership agreements commonly used in real life. They allocate a fixed fraction of the surplus equally and the remains, proportional to contributions; and they allow this fraction to depend on whether the surplus is positive or...

Through the passage of time (and the passing of an examination or two), resident physicians transform themselves into unrestricted practitioners. Whether you see this as a good thing or not depends on your perspective. To the residents themselves, this metamorphosis is no less beautiful than a chrysalis becoming a butterfly. Others, though, may deem it a variation of the kitten/cat problem arti...

BACKGROUND This study examined the effect of simultaneous supplementation of extracellular buffer sodium bicarbonate (SB) and intracellular buffer beta-alanine (BA) on maximal sprint swimming. METHODS Thirteen competitive male swimmers completed 4 different treatments (placebo [PL], SB, BA + PL, and BA + SB) in a crossover procedure. PL or SB supplementation (0.3 g/kg body weight) was ingeste...

A Sb/palygorskite (PAL) composite was synthesized by a facile solvothermal process and applied in catalytic hydrogenation of p-nitrophenol for the first time. It was found that the Sb nanoparticles with the sizes of 2-5 nm were well dispersed on the fiber of PAL, while partial aggregated Sb nanoparticles with sizes smaller than 200 nm were also loaded on the PAL. The Sb/PAL composite with 9.7% ...

Stillbirth (SB) often results in reduced milk yield, compromised reproductive performance, and decreased dam longevity. Corrective mating can be used as a short-term solution to the problem, but long-term improvement of the population requires the routine calculation of genetic evaluations. Breeding values for SB have been available for Holstein (HO) bulls since 2006, but not for Brown Swiss (B...

Antimony (Sb) accumulation in rice is a potential threat to human health, but its uptake mechanisms are unclear. A hydroponic experiment was conducted to investigate uptake, translocation, speciation and subcellular distribution of Sb in rice plants exposed to antimonite (SbIII) and antimonate (SbV) at 0.2, 1.0 or 5.0 mg/L for 4h. More Sb was accumulated in iron plaque than in the plant, with b...

Antimony (Sb) is one of the elements of increasing environmental significance. In this study, concentrations of Sb were measured on 21 roadside topsoil samples collected from a medium-size city, Xuzhou (China), in order to assess the magnitude of contamination and to identify the possible contamination sources. The mode of occurrence of Sb and the effect of particle size fractions on Sb concent...

The inability of sodium antimony gluconate (SAG)-unresponsive kala-azar patients to clear Leishmania donovani (LD) infection despite SAG therapy is partly due to an ill-defined immune-dysfunction. Since dendritic cells (DCs) typically initiate anti-leishmanial immunity, a role for DCs in aberrant LD clearance was investigated. Accordingly, regulation of SAG-induced activation of murine DCs foll...

The efflux of antimony through multidrug resistance protein (MDR)-1 is the key factor in the failure of metalloid treatment in kala-azar patients infected with antimony-resistant Leishmania donovani (Sb(R)LD). Previously we showed that MDR-1 upregulation in Sb(R)LD infection is IL-10-dependent. Imipramine, a drug in use for the treatment of depression and nocturnal enuresis in children, inhibit...

Sodium butyrate (SB) has various metabolic actions. However, its effect on dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) needs to be studied further. We aimed to evaluate the metabolic actions of SB, considering its physiologically relevant concentration. We evaluated the effect of SB on regulation of DPP-4 and its other metabolic actions, both in vitro (HepG2 cells and mouse mesangial cells) and in vivo (hig...