Alveolar surfactant is a complex mixture of lipids and proteins that executes two disparate functions. First, surfactant reduces surface tension at the air–liquid interface of the lung thereby preventing lung collapse. Second, surfactant functions in pulmonary host defense. The host defense functions are mediated primarily by the hydrophilic protein constituents of surfactant, surfactant protei...

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination exists at numerous sites and poses a substantial risk to public health and the environment. Electrokinetic remediation technology has the potential to treat PAH-contaminated soils, but the effect of soil heterogeneities such as layers, lenses, and mixtures of different soils on the electrokinetic process has not been adequately studied. This s...

To degrade chrysene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) found in crude oil contaminated soil by bioremediation the Polyporus sp. S133, a fungus collected from soil was used. Maximal degradation (86%) was obtained when Polyporus sp. S133 was incubated in 0.5% tween 80 for 30 days, as compared to 30% degradation rate without tween 80. Chrysene was indeed degraded by Polyporus sp. S133 throug...

The current investigation aimed to evaluate the transdermal potential of novel testosterone propionate (TP) ethosomes and liposomes prepared by surfactant modification. The effect of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and cremophor EL-35 on the particle size and zeta potential of the prepared vesicles was investigated. The entrapment efficiency and stability, as well as in vitro and in vivo s...

Surfactants (i.e., solutes that reduce the surface tension of water) exist in subsurface either naturally or are introduced to due anthropogenic activities (e.g., agricultural purposes, environmental remediation strategies). Surfactant-induced changes tension, contact angle, density, and viscosity alter water retention conduction properties vadose zone. This research numerically investigates ef...