Subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) weather forecasting has improved in recent years, thanks partly to better representation of physical variables in models. For instance, realistic initializations of snow and soil moisture in models yield enhanced predictability on S2S time scales. Snow depth and soil moisture also mediate month-to-month persistence of near-surface air temperature. Here the role of ...

A new index for agricultural drought monitoring is presented based on the integration of different soil/vegetation remote sensing observations. The synergistic fusion of the surface soil moisture (SSM) from the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission, with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) derived land surface temperature (LST), and water/vegetation indices for a...

We tested an off-ground ground-penetrating radar (GPR) system at a fixed location over a bare agricultural field to monitor the soil freeze-thaw cycles over a snow-covered surface. The GPR system consisted of a monostatic horn antenna combined with a vector network analyzer, providing an ultra-wideband stepped-frequency continuous-wave radar. An antenna calibration experiment was performed to f...

playas are low-lands which is considered to be the locations of accumulation of superficial and ground waters fromhigher elevations and these waters have different types of salts and various salinity level. therefore, because of lack ofrainfall and fresh-water both for human and animal useage or even for plants, it is needed to apply proper methods toharvest fresh water from these saline-waters...

much has been learned in recent years about the factors affecting reflection of sunlight by soils, the influence Knowledge of how surface roughness influences the reflectance of of w on albedo of rough soil surfaces is still poorly sunlight from cultivated soils is useful in various applications, such as estimating albedo values used as inputs to soil temperature models understood (Cresswell et...

The oil in the pipelines must be heated to a certain temperature in some oil fields in north of China. Otherwise, the oil will freeze because of much paraffin mixed in it. A method to detect the direction of the pipeline underground accurately is described in the paper. The temperature of the pipelines can conduct to the surface of the soil and be detected by an uncooled focal plane arrays (UFP...

Passive microwave remote sensing by the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite enables observations of surface soil moisture at global scale. This involves a retrieval process that uses a radiative transfer model to relate satellite-observed radiances to geophysical variables such as soil dielectric constant and soil moisture. The L-MEB (L-band Microwave Emission of the Biosphere) ba...

In this study, an application was carried out to determine the Volcanic Soils by using remote sensing. The study area was located on the Golcuk formation in Isparta-Turkey. The thermal bands of Landsat 7 image were used for processing. The implementation of the climate model that was based on the water index was used in ERDAS Imagine software together with pixel based image classification. Soil...

21 NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission will carry the first combined spaceborne L-22 band radiometer and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) system with the objective of mapping near-23 surface soil moisture and freeze/thaw state globally every 2-3 days. SMAP will provide three soil 24 moisture products; (i) high-resolution from radar (~3km), (ii) low-resolution from radiometer 25 (~3...