Tilt-table testing for patients with unexplained syncope was first described in 1986 by Kenny et al. (1) and later by Almquist et al in the U.S. (2). The tilt protocols proposed differed, with the Westminster Protocol favoring prolonged passive tilt alone (1,3) and the Minneapolis Protocol routinely using isoproterenol provocation (2). Although there is now widespread acceptance of tilt testing...

We present a novel two-dimensional fiber-optic inclinometer with high sensitivity by crisscrossing two etched chirped fiber Bragg gratings (CFBG) arrays. Each array is composed of two symmetrically-arranged CFBGs. By etching away most of the claddings of the CFBGs to expose the evanescent wave, the reflection spectra are highly sensitive to the surrounding index change. When we immerse only par...

Fringe formation in the two-grating interferometer is analyzed in the presence of a small parallelism error between the diffraction gratings assumed in the direction of grating shear. Our analysis shows that with partially coherent illumination, fringe contrast in the interference plane is reduced in the presence of nonzero grating tilt with the effect proportional to the grating tilt angle and...

OBJECTIVES To compare the surgical outcomes of inferior oblique (IO) myectomy in congenital superior oblique palsy (SOP) according to the presence of the trochlear nerve identified with high-resolution MRI. DATA EXTRACTION Forty-one congenital SOP patients without a trochlear nerve (absent group) and 23 patients with a trochlear nerve (present group) who underwent IO myectomy as the primary s...

UNLABELLED Although the presence of patellar tilt usually implies a tight lateral retinaculum and unhealthy pressure distributions within the patellar cartilage, it is possible for the bony portion of the patella to appear tilted while the articular cartilage is in fact fully congruous in a medial-lateral direction. We call this "congruous tilt." In such cases, a patient may not suffer from an ...

Blood pressure regulation is a prime example of homeostatic regulation. However, some characteristics of the cardiovascular system better match a non-linear self-organized system than a homeostatic one. To determine whether blood pressure regulation is self-organized, we repeated the seminal demonstration of self-organized control of movement, but applied it to the cardiovascular system. We loo...