BACKGROUND Substance dependency is a major problem for the general health of a society. Different approaches have investigated the substance dependency in order to explain it. Gray's reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) is an advanced and important neuropsychological theory in this area. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare three systems of the revised reinforcement sensitivity t...

aim and background: the therapeutic community (tc) is a residential treatment model, which is effective in the treatment of people with substance abuse disorder. the aim of the people study was to examine the effectiveness of tc on mental symptoms of persons with substance abuse disorder. methods and materials: in this experimental, pre-post test and follow-up study, referred patients with subs...

BACKGROUND Due to the chronic and recurrent nature of addiction, many people who quit drug addiction may slip back into the pattern of using drugs shortly after the detoxification period. Emotion-regulation strategies and resilience play an important role in preventing the recurrences of substance abuse. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare the effects of methadone-maintenance therapy (MMT)...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the rate and severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI) among people with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders and to compare demographic, diagnostic, and institutionalization differences between those who screen positive or negative. SETTING Outpatient community mental health center in Washington, District of Columbia. PARTICIPANTS A total of 295 peopl...

conclusions our results suggested that the prevalence of prescription drugs, alcohol and illicit substance use was relatively low, though still significant, among iranian students, which was strongly associated with family and friends’ use. the findings of this research can be used for planning and evaluating interventions by considering the risk factors and protective factors in universities. ...