Subject island effects are variable and unstable. Previous accounts, relying on well-defined structural properties of subjects, fail to capture this variability. We argue that subjects are islands only when they satisfy the Subject Criterion, which implies that at the interface they are interpreted outside the predicative nucleus of the clause, in a categorical structure (à la Ladusaw 1994); on...

Vocal tract warping functions for normalizing vocal tract transfer functions of seven male subjects were calculated based on a vocal tract deformation method based on the vocal tract length sensitivity function. Vocal tract area functions for the five Japanese vowels of six subjects were tuned for their first four formant frequencies to be close to those of a target subject. The vocal tract war...

Subject classification schemes and vocabularies for subject indexing, i.e. subject vocabularies, have a crucial role in the development of subject gateways. From our experiences on a few subject gateway projects which are designed for regional and domainspecific communities, we learned that the subject gateways require a subject vocabulary which is reasonably small and tailored in accordance wi...

Recently, the European Federation of Clinical Chemistry Laboratory Medicine (1), within the frame of its Science Committee, has created a working group (WG) on biological variation. In its website (2), this WG describes its structure and its purpose (“Terms for reference”). Some members of this WG and other authors published a very interesting systematic review of data on biological variation f...