This paper describes the causal relationships between students’ problem-solving effectiveness (i.e. reaching a correct solution) and strategy (i.e. approach) and multiple contextual variables including experience, gender, classroom environment, and task difficulty. Performances of the IMMEX problem set Hazmat (n~33,000) were first modeled by Item Response Theory analysis to provide a measure of...

We study reputation in conflict games. The players can use their first round actions to signal their types. With strategic substitutes, a reputation for being hostile is desirable, because it causes the opponent to be more dovish in period two. Dovish behavior in round one is a sign of weakness, which makes the opponent more hawkish. With strategic substitutes, neither player wants to be seen a...

Social enterprise organizations (SEOs) arise from entrepreneurial activities with the aim of achieving social goals. SEOs have been identified as alternative and/or complementary to the actions of governments and international organizations to address poverty and poverty-related social needs. Using a number of illustrative cases, we explore how variation of local institutional mechanisms shapes...

Agent-based simulation has become one of the promising gears for computational social sciences including business management strategy studies. This paper addresses a novel technology of agent-based modeling with genetic algorithms. Our method is characterized by (1) Decision making agents or competing companies with strategic parameters to be optimized; (2) A multiobjective optimization framewo...

The practice of strategic management proves that when the management board is strongly limited in its capacity to take rational actions, specifically in the context of great decision complexity and uncertainty, it is good practice to refer to experience through reasoning by analogy. In this paper we would like to concentrate on supporting strategic decisions for SMEs in turbulent environments. ...

BACKGROUND Clinical reasoning is a key competence in medicine. There is a lack of knowledge, how non-experts like medical students solve clinical problems. It is known that they have difficulties applying conceptual knowledge to clinical cases, that they lack metacognitive awareness and that higher level cognitive actions correlate with diagnostic accuracy. However, the role of conceptual, stra...

Spatial decision support systems for forest management have steadily evolved over the past 20+ years in order to better address the complexities of contemporary forest management issues such as the sustainability and resilience of ecosystems on forested landscapes. In this paper, we describe and illustrate new features of the Ecosystem Management Decision Support (EMDS) system that extend the s...

Game theory is a formal methodology and a set of techniques to study the interaction of rational agents in strategic settings. ‘Rational’ here means the standard thing in economics: maximizing over well-defined objectives; ‘strategic’ means that agents care not only about their own actions, but also about the actions taken by other agents. Note that decision theory — which you should have seen ...

We incorporate strategic complementarities into a multi-agent sequential choice model with observable actions and private information. In this framework agents are concerned with learning from predecessors, signalling to successors, and coordinating their actions with those of others. Coordination problems have hitherto been studied using static coordination games which do not allow for learnin...

in economic and competitive environments and their effects on observed to model multi-attribute model consumer decisions sales levels. Because in general micro-level data on strategic decision (for reviews, see Green and Srinivasan, 1978, 1990; Louviere, making over time are difficult and expensive to obtain, this approach can 1988, 1994), also can be applied to model how managers are be of muc...