The colored ~Ornstein-Uhlenbeck! noise-driven nonequilibrium dynamics of massive damped Brownian particles in a periodic but asymmetric potential ~ratchet! is investigated. Our special focus is on the influence of inertia in the particle dynamics for the noise induced, directed current. By means of two approximation schemes ~a unified colored noise approximation and a path-integral approach! an...

The complete 3D nonlinear dynamic problem of extensible, flexible risers conveying fluid is considered. For describing the dynamics of the system, the Newtonian derivation procedure is followed. The velocity field inside the pipe formulated using hydrostatic and Bernoulli equations. The hydrodynamic effects of external fluids are taken into consideration through the nonlinear drag forces in var...

Abstract We propose a phase-field theory for enriched continua. To generalize classical models, we derive the gradient based on balances of microforces, microtorques, and mass. focus materials where second gradients phase field describe long-range interactions. By considering nontrivial interaction inside body, described by boundary-edge microtraction, characterize existence hypermicrotraction ...

Visual fixation in infants from 6 months to 2 years of age was examined for its fit to the theory of "attentional inertia." A children's movie ("Sesame Street" movie, "Follow that Bird") or an extended audiovisual stimulus (computer-generated patterns) was presented to 40 children for a minimum of 20 min while fixation was videotaped and heart rate (HR) was recorded. Consistent with attentional...

For very shallow indentations in W, Al, Au, and Fe-3wt%Si single crystals, hardness decreased with increasing depth irrespective of increasing or decreasing strain gradients. As such, strain gradient theory appears insufficient to explain the indentation size effect (ISE) at depths less than several hundred nanometers. Present research links the ISE to a ratio between the energy of newly create...

The phonon dispersion relations calculated by atomic model: shell model and ab initio, and by microcontinuum theory are introduced in this paper. It is found that both atomic models and microcontinuum theory can describe the common feature of phonon dispersion relation for the crystal having more than one atom per primitive cell and can give a good fit to the experimentally measured data. The o...