0022-1031/$ see front matter 2009 Published by doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2008.07.016 q This research was supported by an NSERC Docto Doctoral Fellowship to the first author, and a SSHRC thank Dan Wegner and Vincent Yzerbyt for their fee presented in the manuscript, and Danu Stinson an comments on an earlier draft. We also thank Cory M Chatland, Richard Johnson, Juliana Parker, Rebecc Pochert for their...

Stereotype threat (ST) occurs when the awareness of a negative stereotype about a social group in a particular domain produces suboptimal performance by members of that group. Although ST has been repeatedly demonstrated, far less is known about how its effects are realized. Using mathematical problem solving as a test bed, the authors demonstrate in 5 experiments that ST harms math problems th...

Stereotyping is a technique used in many information systems to represent user groups and/or to generate initial individual user models. However, there has been a lack of evidence on the accuracy of their use in representing users. We propose a formal evaluation method to test the accuracy or homogeneity of the stereotypes that are based on users explicit characteristics. Using the method, the ...

There are a number of regression models which are widely used to predict ordinal outcomes. The commonly used models assume that all predictor variables have a similar effect at all levels of the outcome variable. If this is not the case, for example if some variables predict susceptibility to a disease and others predict the severity of the disease, then a more complex model is required. One po...

In their efforts to recruit and retain female employees, organizations often attempt to make their workplaces "family-friendly." Yet there is little research on how women view family-friendly policies, particularly women who experience gender-based stereotype threat, or the concern of being viewed through the lens of gender stereotypes at work. Pilot research with female managers (N = 169) show...

The research presented in this article provides the first evidence that one’s decision making can be influenced by concerns about stereotypes and the devaluation of one’s identity. Many studies document gender differences in decision making, and often attribute these differences to innate and stable factors, such as biological and hormonal differences. In three studies, we found that stereotype...

We advance a theory-driven approach to stereotype structure, informed by connectionist theories of cognition. Whereas traditional models define or tacitly assume that stereotypes possess inherently Group → Attribute activation directionality (e.g., Black activates criminal), our model predicts heterogeneous stereotype directionality. Alongside the classically studied Group → Attribute stereotyp...

Article history: Received 14 February 2016 Revised 4 July 2016 Accepted 7 July 2016 Available online 9 July 2016 Previous research has found that activating self-relevant, negative stereotypes after a task may increase people's certainty about their own poor performance (i.e., stereotype validation). The current research examined how individual differences in stigma consciousnessmaymoderate the...

I. Concise Overview of the Literature People are often judged or stereotyped according to their group membership(s). Group membership can include (but is not limited to) ethnicity, race, gender, age, and religious affiliation. Stereotypes about an individual’s group, which can be shaped as either positive or negative, elicit a variety of emotions. Negative stereotypes often cause negative respo...

BACKGROUND Asian medical students and doctors receive lower scores on average than their white counterparts in examinations in the UK and internationally (a phenomenon known as "differential attainment"). This could be due to examiner bias or to social, psychological or cultural influences on learning or performance. We investigated whether students' scores or feedback show influence of ethnici...