Hundreds of molecular-level changes within central metabolism allow a cell to adapt to the changing environment. A primary challenge in cell physiology is to identify which of these molecular-level changes are active regulatory events. Here, we introduce pseudo-transition analysis, an approach that uses multiple steady-state observations of (13)C-resolved fluxes, metabolites, and transcripts to...

The basis of enzyme kinetic modelling was established during the early 1900’s when the work of Leonor Michaelis and Maud Menten produced a pseudo-steady state equation linking enzymatic catalytic rate to substrate concentration (Michaelis & Menten, 1913). Building from the Michaelis-Menten equation, other equations used to describe the effects of modifiers of enzymatic activity were developed b...

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the flow field structure in transient state and performance of secondary injection system for thrust vectoring in divergent section of a two-dimensional nozzle. Secondary injection for thrust vectoring in a two-dimensional nozzle is studied by solving three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged equations by means of fluent solver. Spalart-allmaras model was used ...

Recent electrophysiological work has evinced a capacity for plasticity in subcortical auditory nuclei in human listeners. Similar plastic effects have been measured in cortically-generated auditory potentials but it is unclear how the two interact. Here we present Simultaneously-Evoked Auditory Potentials (SEAP), a method designed to concurrently elicit electrophysiological brain potentials fro...

We present simultaneous pseudo-timestepping as an efficient method for aerodynamic shape optimization. In this method, instead of solving the necessary optimality conditions by iterative techniques, pseudo-time embedded nonstationary system is integrated in time until a steady state is reached. The main advantages of this method are that it requires no additional globalization techniques and th...

Compartmentalization of self-replicating molecules (templates) in protocells is a necessary step towards the evolution of modern cells. However, coexistence between distinct template types inside a protocell can be achieved only if there is a selective pressure favoring protocells with a mixed template composition. Here we study analytically a group selection model for the coexistence between t...

introduction: the prevalence of hearing loss in neonates is 2-5 out of every 1,000 live births. global health committee, american academy of otolaryngology, and american academy of pediatrics have recommended that hearing loss in infants be identified, and treated when possible, prior to 6 months of age. this study was designed with the aim to screen the hearing of neonates in mashhad, iran. me...