An increase in electricity demand and renewable penetration requires electrical utilities to improve optimize the grid infrastructure. Fundamental components this infrastructure are transformers, which designed conservatively based on static rated power. However, load weather change continuously hence, transformers not used most efficiently. For reason, new technology has been developed: Dynami...

With insight from examples and physical arguments, the Tolman-Ehrenfest criterion of thermal equilibrium for test fluids in static spacetimes is extended to local conformally geometries. The temperature rescaled fluid scales with inverse conformal factor, reproducing evolution cosmic microwave background Friedmann universes, Hawking Sultana-Dyer cosmological black hole, a heuristic argument by ...