Penelitian membutuhkan suatu alat sebagai instrument dalam pengumpulan data. Penyusunan kuesioner harus memenuhi kaidah validitas dan reliabilitas. Uji reliabilitas data dipelajari cabang ilmu pendidikan statistika menggunakan software SPSS. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan langkah-langkah pembelajaran uji Hasil penyusunan instrumen digunakan untuk pengambilan mengenai pola asu...

Does critical theory have a place in GIS? While the answer today is "yes," and some stable ground around its understanding has been created, "critical GIS" remains an oxymoron for many GIS users and critical social theorists. Since 1968, the year in which Roger Tomlinson for the first time referred to GIS in designating the Ganadian Geographic Information System, GIS has become a multibillion-d...

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have increased its popularity for some time now, specially in the context of mobile devices. There are many disciplines and companies improving their workflow by using GIS on devices with geolocation features. To satisfy the emergent demand, lots of web-based GIS applications are being developed. These applications diverge in their target and context, but th...

An epistemological and discursive divide separates critics of GIS and its researchers. An assumption exists among many users and developers of GIS that the technology models reality and can thus be used to predict and explain spatial processes. This realist position is not sanctioned by social science critics of GIS who have focused efforts on illustrating the social effects of technology as we...

As society becomes increasingly spatially enabled, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) will evolve, and geographical information will be embedded in most information applications and services that society uses. This trend presents many opportunities and challenges. It means GIS technologies will facilitate ‘more’ by becoming ‘less’. As the general use of GIS increases, the visible appearance...

Introduction Since early ’90 GIS has become a sophisticated system for maintaining and analysing spatial and semantic information on spatial objects. The need for 3D information is rapidly increasing. 2D GIS analysis have shown its limitations in some situations, e.g. noise prediction models (noise spreads out in three dimensions) (Kluijver and Stoter, 2003), water flood models, air pollution m...

Inc. in Chicago. Of the 50 original articles and short communications published in the first 4 issues of volume 23, 2014, three (9.4%) articles [3–5] did so. When referring to SPSS versions prior to the IBM acquisition, authors should cite ‘SPSS Statistics for Windows, version x.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Ill., USA)’, but for versions beginning from 19, authors should cite ‘IBM SPSS Statistics for ...

PE teaching score is a direct reflection of the quality of teaching, and the statistic analysis of the grade is an important part of the physical teaching process. Teachers can draw their own teaching effectiveness and know how students are getting along with study, through the analysis of the results, which make exams truly serving the quality education. How to do teaching analysis better and ...