Human faces are neither exactly Lambertian nor entirely convex and hence most models in literature which make the Lambertian assumption, fall short when dealing with specularities and cast shadows. In this paper, we present a novel anti-symmetric tensor spline (a spline for tensorvalued functions) based method for the estimation of the Apparent BRDF (ABRDF) field for human faces that seamlessly...

PURPOSE Time series analysis may be helpful to estimate hematological data on gastric cancer patients who receive S 1, but untreated raw clinical data are not suitable for this approach. Hematological monitoring data interpolated by spline were analyzed by an attractor plot, which is a form of time series analysis. METHODS Hematological data of three gastric cancer patients were interpolated ...

In the present paper, a numerical algorithm using fifth degree quintic B-spline for fourth order singular perturbation problem has been developed. The most of the numerical methods used for higher order singularly perturbed boundary value problems transform the problems into equivalent system of first and/or second order differential equations. However, in the present method, fifth degree B-spl...

In this work, we proposed an effective method based on cubic and pantic B-spline scaling functions to solve partial differential equations of fractional order. Our method is based on dual functions of B-spline scaling functions. We derived the operational matrix of fractional integration of cubic and pantic B-spline scaling functions and used them to transform the mentioned equations to a syste...

Both the 4-point and the uniform cubic B-spline subdivisions double the number of vertices of a closed-loop polygon P and produce sequences of vertices fj and bj respectively. We study the J-spline subdivision scheme Js, introduced by Maillot and Stam, which blends these two methods to produce vertices of the form vj=(1–s)fj+sbj. Iterative applications of Js yield a family of limit curves, the ...

in this paper, non-polynomial spline method for solving coupled burgers’ equations are presented. we take a new spline function. the stability analysis using von-neumann technique shows the scheme is unconditionally stable. to test accuracy the error norms2l, ∞l are computed and give two examples to illustrate the sufficiency of the method for solving such nonlinear partial differential equatio...

where q : I → R, pi : I → R, and ki : D → R (i = 0,1) (with D := {(t,s) : 0 ≤ s ≤ t ≤ T}) are given functions and are assumed to be (at least) continuous in the respective domains. For more details of these equations, many other interesting methods for the approximated solution and stability procedures are available in earlier literatures [1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11]. The above equation is usually...

The distribution of electrons in the ionosphere is of interest to scientists and also to engineers working on applications such as earth–space communication systems, which must transmit through the ionosphere, and skywave systems, which make use of ionospheric refraction. Electron content is commonly examined using total electron content (TEC) mapping. This mapping finds use in other applicatio...

An adaptive ADER finite volume method on unstructured meshes is proposed. The method combines high order polyharmonic spline WENO reconstruction with high order flux evaluation. Polyharmonic splines are utilised in the recovery step of the finite volume method yielding a WENO reconstruction that is stable, flexible and optimal in the associated Sobolev (BeppoLevi) space. The flux evaluation is ...

a class of new methods based on a septic non-polynomial spline function for the numerical solution one-dimensional bratu's problem are presented. the local truncation errors and the methods of order 2th, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th, are obtained. the inverse of some band matrixes are obtained which are required in proving the convergence analysis of the presented method. associated bound...