conclusions there is no difference between median and paramedian approaches with respect to pdph incidence; the paramedian approach is therefore recommended, especially for older patients with degenerative changes in the spine and intervertebral spaces and those who cannot take the proper position. moreover, the rate of pdph was found to be significantly higher in females than in males. results...

psychogenic abrupt asystole during spinal anesthesia is an uncommon occurence. a case is presented with literature review.

abstract  testicular torsion is a medical emergency appearing at any age, the prevalence of  which in the neonatal period comprises 10% of the whole cases occurring at any  point in life. among all the cases being diagnosed at birth, 70% has occurred in the  prenatal period and 30% in the neonatal period. generally, the most common symptoms  of testicular torsion during postnatal period include...

objective: to compare the effect of intrathecal midazolam versus neostigmine added to lidocaine on the duration of sensory block and the duration of postoperative pain relief in women undergoing colporaphy in spinal anesthesia. materials and methods: in this double blind clinical trial we evaluated 60women (asa) i,ii that were candidate to elective colporaphy. the patients were randomly divided...

introduction: post dural puncture headache is still a common complication among young women undergone cesarean section, although use of small size spinal needles reduced its prevalence. several methods have been suggested for prevention and treatment of this side effect; such as complete bed rest, hydration, non-opioid analgesics, caffeine, codeine, which none of them proved to be totally effec...

background : hyperbaric and isobaric bupivacaine has been shown to reduce bispectral index (bis) during spinal anesthesia. the aim of this study was to compare the effect of isobaric bupivacaine and hyperbaric bupivacaine on the bis during cesarean section with spinal anesthesia. methods : in this double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, 84 pregnant women with asa ( american society o...

results ketamine group had significant pain relief properties in compare with control group in first hours after cesarean section (0.78 ± 1.09 vs. 1.72 ± 1.22, vas score, p = 0.00). total dose of meperidine consumption in women of ketamine group was significantly lower than women of control group (54.17 ± 12.86 vs. 74.44 ± 33.82 mg, p = 0.02). there were no significant drug side effects in part...

conclusions administration of two different doses of intravenous ondansetron, 6 mg and 12 mg, significantly attenuates spinal induced hypotension, bradycardia and shivering compared to the control saline group. however, the hemodynamic profiles and shivering in experimental groups were not statistically different. results demographic data were not statistically different among groups. hr was st...

background spinal anesthesia is an important and commonly used method for surgical anesthetic in operating rooms. however, even with identical drug dosage and administration mode, the extent of drug distribution in vivo is highly variable and difficult to control. preanesthetic administration of fluids immediately before spinal anesthesia (preload) is normal practice. the choice of fluid type m...