Abstract Study question Can an artificial intelligence (AI) improve the speed and accuracy of identifying sperm in complex testicular tissue samples? Summary answer Trained AI can identify real-time instantly with higher accuracy, not only reducing strain on embryologists but increasing sample coverage a shorter time. What is known already Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) form severe male-fact...

Sperm competition, when sperm from different males compete to fertilize a female's ova, is a widespread and fundamental force in the evolution of animal reproduction. The earliest prediction of sperm competition theory was that sperm competition selected for the evolution of numerous, tiny sperm, and that this force maintained anisogamy. Here, we empirically test this prediction directly by usi...

Polymorphism. TaqI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in the stearoyl-coenzyme A terminal desaturase ( SCDl) gene of purebred Japanese Black cattle. Source and Description of Probe. A 2.7-kb cDNA insert was excised from a pSp86 clone by digestion with EcoRI and ScaI. The insert contains the complete coding sequence of the rat SCDl gene (Thiede et al., 1986). Method of Detection. Pr...

Over the past 25 years, various methods have been developed to measure sperm DNA strand breaks in situ. Currently, there are four major tests of sperm DNA fragmentation, including the Comet, Tunel, sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) and the acridine orange test (AOT). The Comet assay is a light microscope technique where the sperm cells are mixed with melted agarose and then placed on a gla...

A. Agarwal et al. (eds.), Studies on Men’s Health and Fertility, Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice, DOI 10.1007/978-1-61779-776-7_13, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2012 Abstract Male-factor signifi cantly contributes to infertility in couples of reproductive age. Several studies have shown that oxidative stress (OS) is involved in the pathophysiology of m...

The aim of this study was to report a successful pregnancy using completely immotile frozen-thawed spermatozoa selected by laser. A single laser shot was used to detect the presence of viable immotile spermatozoa in fresh and frozen-thawed testicular spermatozoa. The viability rate was 55.8% after the laser detection, and cryopreservation was carried out immediately. The thawing test was perfor...

Scientific and public concern exists about potential reproductive health effects of persistent chlorinated organic chemicals, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE, the most stable daughter compound of DDT). To explore the hypothesis that environmental exposures to PCBs and DDE are associated with altered semen...