Environmental bulk samples often contain many different taxa that vary several orders of magnitude in biomass. This can be problematic in DNA metabarcoding and metagenomic high-throughput sequencing approaches, as large specimens contribute disproportionately high amounts of DNA template. Thus, a few specimens of high biomass will dominate the dataset, potentially leading to smaller specimens r...

For the advancement of micro- and nano-technologies, multiaxial material testing at a small length scale is imperative. A novel miniature system (MMTS) under development for tubular specimen outer diameter (OD) as 1 mm. Because size MMTS, stereo-Digital Image Correlation (DIC) preferred strain measurement technique. Although theoretically, stereo-DIC length-scale independent, implementation ste...

Recently, a novel nondestructive method so-called Electro-Ultrasonic Spectroscopy (EUS) has been reported. In this technique, the intermodulation signals between mechanical and electrical excitation is measured, so that it offers high signal to noise ratio due to the different frequency range from those of excitation signals. EUS is the method under developing, so that the procedure of EUS shou...

In order to understand the influence of dislocation substructures on size-dependent strength (smaller is stronger) micron-sized metals, we have fabricated single-crystal cylindrical micropillars with various diameters approximately ranging from 1 10 μm, which were prepared surface fully annealed sample and subsequently cold-rolled samples high-purity aluminum (Al). The exhibited a size dependen...

Particles and solutes are excluded from the vicinity of hydrophilic surfaces, leaving large microsphere-free regions known as exclusion zones (EZs). Prior work had indicated that EZs could extend to distances of up to several hundred micrometers from the nucleating surface. These observations were made on large, extended surfaces, leaving open the question whether EZ size might depend on the ch...

Partitioning of niches can play an important role in structuring faunal communities. We tested the hypothesis that differences between four species of orb-weaving spiders (Araneidae) in body size and the structure and position of their webs resulted in their partitioning the available prey. The study species are sympatric in a grassland habitat and included Argiope trifasciata (Forskål), Cyclos...

On a mesh-connected computer, moving data across the mesh is the most time-consuming operation in many algorithms. This time can be reduced by using a mesh with smaller diameter, i.e., with fewer processing elements. To accomodate inputs of the same size, this requires that the processors have more memory. For image processing and graph theoretic algorithms we analyze the time as a function of ...

Relatively large values of objective-lens defocus must normally be used to produce detectable levels of image contrast for unstained biological specimens, which are generally weak phase objects. As a result, a subsequent restoration operation must be used to correct for oscillations in the contrast transfer function (CTF) at higher resolution. Currently used methods of CTF correction assume the...

The size of the plastic deformation zone caused by fastener hole strengthening is a critical indicator performance. In this study, 2A12-T4 aluminum alloy specimens with diameter 6 mm and thickness 1.5 were strengthened Lorentz force through electromagnetic method. numerical results show that can introduce tensile stress in both hoop radial directions specimen during process produce high compres...