Previous attempts at defining other correlation measures mostly tried to generalize the inner product definition used in Pearson’s correlation coefficient. This does allow for certain useful correlations, like the Greatest Deviation, or Gini’s. In this work the idea in Gideon and Hollister (1987) of seeing correlation as the difference between distance from perfect negative and perfect positive...

Previous attempts at defining other correlation measures mostly tried to generalize the inner product definition used in Pearson’s correlation coefficient. This does not allow for certain useful correlation’s, like the Greatest Deviation, or Gini’s. In this work the idea in Gideon and Hollister (1987) of seeing correlation, as the difference between distance from perfect negative and perfect po...

Background: Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), a novel marker of bone disease in chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been shown to correlate with vascular calcifications. We aimed to describe the effect of the calcium phosphate product (Ca*P) on FGF-23 concentrations in children and young adults without confounding cardiovascular disease. Methods: Paediatric and young adult patients with CKD st...

BACKGROUND Associations of bisphenol A and phthalates with chronic disease health outcomes are increasingly being investigated in epidemiologic studies. The majority of previous studies of within-person variability in urinary bisphenol A and phthalate metabolite concentrations have focused on reproducibility over short time periods. Long-term reproducibility data are needed to assess the potent...

BACKGROUND To determine the validity of a semi-automated segmentation of bone marrow lesions (BMLs) in the knee. METHODS Construct validity of the semi-automated BML segmentation method was explored in two studies performed using sagittal intermediate weighted, turbo spine echo, fat-suppressed magnetic resonance imaging sequences obtained from the Osteoarthritis Initiative. The first study (n...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between depressive symptoms and serum vitamin D levels in stroke patients. METHODS In total, 126 stroke patients were analyzed. The 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) concentration of each patient was used to determine their vitamin D status. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) and the Patient Health Questionnair...

BACKGROUND Viral load measurement is necessary to estimate mother-to-child transmission risk for women with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), however, it is expensive. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between HBsAg and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels, and to determine potential applications of HBsAg level monitoring for estimating viral load. METHODS 85 patients with CHB (3...

Models for estimation of frame scores in Nellore beef cattle (FRAME_GMA) were developed, comparing them with frame scores estimated using equations proposed by the Beef Improvement Federation (FRAME_BIF, USA). Correlation among frame scores obtained by these two methodologies, along with the independent variables considered in the estimation models, were also studied. A data set with 12,728 ani...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the validity and reproducibility of a 122-item interviewer administered quantitative FFQ developed to determine food and nutrient intakes of adults in Botswana. DESIGN Relative validity of the FFQ was evaluated by comparing nutrient and food group intakes against four non-consecutive 24 h recalls administered over 12 months. The FFQ was repeated after 1 year to assess re...