We document that the wage distribution in larger and more productive cities nearly everywhere first-order stochastically dominates that in less productive cities. This confirms earlier evidence on the city size–wage premium. Yet, because this premium reflects higher house prices, this does not necessarily imply that this stochastic dominance relation also exists in the distribution of skills. W...

Spatial perspective taking is a crucial social skill that underlies many of our everyday interactions. Previous studies have suggested that spatial perspective taking is an embodied process that involves the integration of both motor and proprioceptive information. Given the importance of vestibular signals for own-body perception, mental own-body imagery, and bodily self-consciousness, in the ...

Six-state discrete simple Markov chain models are applied to the 5-day spatial rainfall features during the summer monsoon for 30 years (1964–1993) over 33 meteorological subdivisions of India to understand the persistence behaviour of the spatial coverage of rainfall and the underlying time-evolutionary processes on the synoptic scale. The stochastic models are cross validated on 5 years of in...

The ability to locate objects in the environment is adaptively important for mobile organisms. Research on location coding reveals that even toddlers have considerable spatial skill. Important information has been obtained using a disorientation task in which children watch a target object being hidden and are then blindfolded and rotated so they cannot track their changing relation to the targ...

Spatial skills have been associated with learning in STEM areas and some research has shown that playing video games could facilitate the development of spatial skills. This study examines whether playing a game that uses a realistic physics engine and places spatial demands on the players could facilitate learning a subsequent physics lesson. Fifty-eight participants viewed a brief lesson on N...

Spatial thinking skills positively relate to Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) outcomes, but spatial training is largely absent in elementary school. Elementary school is a time when children develop foundational cognitive skills that will support STEM learning throughout their education. Spatial thinking should be considered a foundational cognitive skill. The present research ...

Following another person’s gaze in order to achieve joint attention is an important skill in human social interactions. This paper analyzes the gaze following problem and proposes a learning-based computational model for the emergence of gaze following skills in infants. The model acquires advanced gaze following skills by learning associations between caregiver head poses and positions in spac...

The authoritarian perception of categorical boundary lines on maps tends to leave students with the false impression that all categorical map boundaries are more-or-less immutable. Additionally learners often perceive that such lines are based on a single, easy-to-define, geographical phenomenon and that the exact spatial location of that phenomenon is both known and recordable. Among the more ...