We used the dual-task paradigm to infer how linguistic information is represented in the brain by indexing its susceptibility to retrieval interference. We measured recognition memory, in bilingual Chinese-English, and monolingual English speakers. Participants were visually presented with simplified Chinese characters under full attention, and later asked to recognize them while simultaneously...

This study evaluated the working memory performance of 18 patients experiencing their first onset of mild depression without treatment and 18 healthy matched controls. The results demonstrated that working memory impairment in patients with mild depression occurred when memorizing the position of a picture but not when memorizing the pictures themselves. There was no significant difference betw...

The processes and mechanisms implicated in retention and retrieval of memories as they age is an enduring problem in cognitive neuroscience. Research from lesion and functional neuroimaging studies on remote episodic, semantic and spatial memory in humans is crucial for evaluating three theories of hippocampal and/or medial temporal lobe-neocortical interaction in memory retention and retrieval...

Many of the problems considered in optimization and learning assume that solutions exist in a dynamic. Hence, algorithms are required that dynamically adapt with the problem’s conditions and search new conditions. Mostly, utilization of information from the past allows to quickly adapting changes after. This is the idea underlining the use of memory in this field, what involves key design issue...

introduction: there are evidences showing the role of nitric oxide in the opiate reward properties. the role of nitric oxide signaling pathway as an intracellular mechanism on augmentation of long term potentiation in hippocampal ca1 area of rats is also confirmed. it has been also reported that oral morphine dependence facilitates formation of spatial learning and memory via activation of nmda...

The ability to retrieve temporal and spatial context information from memory declines with healthy aging. The hippocampus (HC) has been shown to be associated with successful encoding and retrieval of spatio-temporal context, versus item recognition information (Davachi, Mitchell, & Wagner, 2003; Nadel, Samsonovich, Ryan, & Moscovitch, 2000; Ross & Slotnick, 2008). Aging has been linked to volu...

The current theories on episodic memory suggest a crucial role of spatial processing for an effective retrieval. For a successful episodic recall, the long-term allocentric scene has to be translated into an egocentric scene. Here, we argue that a crucial role for an episodic retrieval is played by a "mental frame syncing" between two kinds of allocentric representations. This neurocognitive pr...

Positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have been extensively used to explore the functional neuroanatomy of cognitive functions. Here we review 275 PET and fMRI studies of attention (sustained, selective, Stroop, orientation, divided), perception (object, face, space/motion, smell), imagery (object, space/motion), language (written/spoken word recogn...

Introduction: Ethanol can induce a wide spectrum of neurophysiological effects via interaction with multiple neurotransmitter systems and disruption of the balances between inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmitters. Prefrontal cortex is involved in cognitive process including working memory and is sensitive to ethanol. Present study investigates the effects of intraperitoneal (i.p.) admini...