Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) causes cognitive impairment in rats. The beneficial effect of Crocus sativus L. extract (CSE) was evaluated on ICV STZ-induced learning, memory, and cognitive impairment in male rats. For this purpose, rats were injected with ICV STZ bilaterally, on days 1 and 3 (3 mg/kg). The STZ-injected rats received CSE (60 mg/kg; i.p.) every o...

Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) causes cognitive impairment in rats. The beneficial effect of Crocus sativus L. extract (CSE) was evaluated on ICV STZ-induced learning, memory, and cognitive impairment in male rats. For this purpose, rats were injected with ICV STZ bilaterally, on days 1 and 3 (3 mg/kg). The STZ-injected rats received CSE (60 mg/kg; i.p.) every o...

Cellular automata (CA) have been increasingly applied to ecohydraulics modelling owing to its advantages in simulating local behaviours and spatial patterns. However, methods for evaluating CA model performance, mostly comparing with RS observations, have yet to be established. A conventional way is to compute the overall error between model outputs and observations. This aggregated approach wi...

Scene recognition is a basic task towards image understanding. Spatial Pyramid Matching (SPM) has been shown to be an efficient solution for spatial context modeling. In this paper, we introduce an alternative approach, Orientational Pyramid Matching (OPM), for orientational context modeling. Our approach is motivated by the observation that the 3D orientations of objects are a crucial factor t...

BACKGROUND The effects of d,l-sotalol at therapeutic concentrations (<or=10 mg/L) on wavefront dynamics during ventricular fibrillation (VF) and electrophysiological heterogeneity remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS By using an optical mapping system, epicardial activation patterns of VF were studied in 6 Langendorff-perfused rabbit hearts at baseline, during 10 mg/L d,l-sotalol infusion, and...

Time based alarms are used by many on a daily basis. Spatial alarms extend the very same idea to location based triggers, which are fired whenever a mobile user enters the spatial region of the location alarms. Spatial alarms provide critical capabilities for many mobile location based applications ranging from personal assistants, inventory tracking to industrial safety warning systems. In thi...

An experiment was performed in Northern Maine recently to evaluate the use of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data in the measurement of soil moisture content in small area plots with varying surface cover and at various subsurface depths. Ground preparation efforts involved defining six contiguous 30 m x 30 m plots with three surface cover conditions: bare tilled soil, short grass and forest. F...

Thinking at plant architecture as emerging from a simple set of construction rules is a very appealing feature of L-Systems. In the context of crop modeling, it opens new ways to model the effects of environmental stresses on crop architecture, by pointing to regulation loops that are ignored in usual models (Fournier et al., 2007). As such, the triggering of leaf development by emergence event...

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are tremendous explosions visible across most of the Universe, certainly out to redshifts of z = 4.5 and likely out to z ∼ 10. Recently, GRBs have been found to have a roughly constant explosive energy as well as to have two luminosity indicators (the spectral lag time and the variability) that can be used to derive the burst’s luminosity distance from the gammaray light...

An experiment was performed in Northern Maine recently to evaluate the use of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data in the measurement of soil moisture content in small area plots with varying surface cover and at various subsurface depths. Ground preparation efforts involved defining six contiguous 30 m x 30 m plots with three surface cover conditions: bare tilled soil, short grass and forest. F...