A key, decision-making step in apoptosis is the release of proteins from the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Ceramide can self-assemble in the mitochondrial outer membrane to form large stable channels capable of releasing said proteins. Ceramide levels measured in mitochondria early in apoptosis are sufficient to form ceramide channels in the outer membrane. The channels are in dynamic equi...

β-barrel membrane proteins are composed of multiple antiparallel β-strands and form pores in the outer membranes of endosymbiotic organelles like mitochondria and the evolutionary related Gramnegative bacteria. These β-barrel channels are crucial for signal transduction, metabolite transport, and protein translocation. How are β-barrel membrane proteins assembled into the outer membrane? After ...

MOTIVATION Transmembrane beta-barrel (TMB) proteins are embedded in the outer membranes of mitochondria, Gram-negative bacteria and chloroplasts. These proteins perform critical functions, including active ion-transport and passive nutrient intake. Therefore, there is a need for accurate prediction of secondary and tertiary structure of TMB proteins. Traditional homology modeling methods, howev...

Vibrissal follicles on one side of the mouse whiskerpad are topologically connected to barrels in the contralateral somatosensory cortex. Barre's develop from postnatal day 3 to 6. Recently, I have observed that the barrelfields still develop in pieces of parietal cortex that were removed and reimplanted, in the same place and with the original orientation, on the day of birth, or on postnatal ...

The geometric configuration and mechanical properties of the integral elements of the respiratory system, as well as the modus operandi of the interacting parts in the ventilation process, comprise a hard-to-visualize system, making the mechanics of pulmonary ventilation a really confusing topic for students and a difficult task for the teacher (1, 9, 10, 13). To clarify, consolidate, or even g...

Two related oncogenes, TCL-1 and MTCP-1, are overexpressed in T cell prolymphocytic leukemias as a result of chromosomal rearrangements that involve the translocation of one T cell receptor gene to either chromosome 14q32 or Xq28. The crystal structure of human recombinant MTCP-1 protein has been determined at 2.0 A resolution by using multiwavelength anomalous dispersion data from selenomethio...

Motivation: Transmembrane -barrel (TMB) proteins are embedded in the outer membranes of mitochondria, Gram-negative bacteria, and chloroplasts. These proteins perform critical functions, including active ion-transport and passive nutrient intake. Therefore there is a need for accurate prediction of secondary and tertiary structure of TMB proteins. Traditional homology modeling methods, however,...

alp barrel structures very similar to that first observed in triose phosphate isomerase are now known to occur in 14 enzymes. To understand the origin of this fold, we analyzed in three of these proteins the geometry of the eight-stranded P-sheets and the packing of the residues at the center of the barrel. The packing in this region is seen in its simplest form in glycolate oxidase. It consist...