Increasing requirements on the environmental acceptability of internal combustion engines led to strong efforts to meet the continuously getting stricter emission regulations. New concepts of combustion and injection have been developed together with appropriate techniques of exhaust gas aftertreatment. For diesel engines especially modern high pressure injection systems, such as the applicatio...

Time resolved laser induced incandescence (LII) technique is used to measure size distribution of soot nanoparticles of candle's flame. Pulsed Nd:YAG laser is used to heat nanoparticles to incandescence temperature and the resulting signal is measured. Mass and energy balance equations are numerically solved to calculate temperature of soot particles in low fluence regime. Assuming Plank black ...

In the present study, the heterogeneous conversion of nitrogen oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was studied at atmospheric humidity levels on flame soot surfaces treated with gaseous nitric acid (HNO3). In addition, the heterogeneous reaction of HNO3 on soot was investigated at atmospheric humidity. For the treatment of soot by pure HNO3 only reversible uptake with a surface coverage of∼1–...

We have previously described the acute po toxicity in guinea pigs of soot from a transformer fire at the State Office Building in Binghamton, New York. The soot was determined to contain polychlorinated biphenyls, biphenylenes, dibenzodioxins, and dibenzofurans. The present study evaluates soot toxicity in guinea pigs receiving 0, 0.2, 1.9, 9.3, or 46.3 ppm soot in the feed for 90 days or 231.5...

III. Project background: The SERDP statement of need that led to this research project focuses on a requirement for better models of the mechanisms of soot formation in combustion. Soot and its combustion precursors present human health hazards. In the case of Army fighting vehicles, such as those powered by diesel engines, it is of interest to achieve the maximum possible power density. One wa...