Introduction: Solar radiation has a major role in design, utilization, development, and planning of solar energy. The most important source of natural ultraviolet radiation is the sun, which has an important role in many biologic processes. Some of these processes are useful, like the production of vitamin D in the body, or curing rickets, and some of them are not, such as ski...

In this review, we summarize recent works on perovskite solar cells with neutral- and multi-colored semitransparency for building-integrated photovoltaics and tandem solar cells. The perovskite solar cells exploiting microstructured arrays of perovskite "islands" and transparent electrodes-the latter of which include thin metallic films, metal nanowires, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, and transpa...

We reexamine the theoretical limit on the axion coupling to two photons, gaγγ , in the light of a new solar model (seismic solar model) and the latest solar neutrino observations, the Super-Kamiokande and the SudburyNeutrino Observatory (SNO). From the comparison of the theoretically expected and the measured neutrino fluxes, we set a limit gaγγ < 4.0 × 10 −10 GeV. This limit based on a new pro...

Solar energy is rapidly advancing as an important means of renewable energy resource. More energy is produced by tracking the solar panel to remain aligned to the sun at a right angle to the rays of light. This paper describes in detail the design and construction of a prototype for solar tracking system with two degrees of freedom, which detects the sunlight using photocells. The control circu...

A spectroscopic analysis of 115 wintertime particulate matter samples collected in rural California shows that wood smoke absorbs solar radiation with a strong spectral selectivity. This is consistent with prior work that has demonstrated that organic carbon (OC), in addition to black carbon (BC), appreciably absorbs solar radiation in the visible and ultraviolet spectral regions. We apportion ...

Reactors based on particle suspensions for the capture, conversion, storage, and use of solar energy as H 2 are projected to be cost-competitive with fossil fuels. In light of this, this review paper summarizes state-of-the-art particle light absorbers and cocatalysts as suspensions (photocatalysts) that demonstrate visible-light-driven water splitting on the laboratory scale. Also presented ar...

Four key parameters namely light trapping, density of light harvesting centre, photoinduced electron injection and electron transport without self-recombination are universally important across all kinds of solar cells. In the present study, we have considered the parameters in the context of a model Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). Our experimental studies reveal that carbonate doping of TiO2...

Solar transformities were computed for the solar irradiance spectrum at the top of the Earth’s atmosphere, assuming a model in which the sun radiates as a blackbody with a temperature of 6000 K. Conventionally, the solar transformity (ST) of sunlight reaching the surface of the Earth’s atmosphere has been defined as one. Here, the ST of irradiance at the median wavelength, 794 nm, is defined as...

We propose and demonstrate semiconductor nanocrystal based photovoltaic scintillators integrated on solar cells to enhance photovoltaic device parameters including spectral responsivity, open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor, and solar conversion efficiency in the ultraviolet. Hybridizing (CdSe)ZnS core-shell quantum dots of 2.4 nm in diameter on multi-crystalline Si solar ce...