Apple hammerhead viroid (AHVd) was detected in the apple cultivar ‘Šampion’ and mixed infection with Solanum nigrum ilarvirus 1 (SnIV-1) cultivars ‘Selena’ ‘Jonagored Supra’, using a high-throughput sequencing method. Experiments were conducted to eliminate both pathogens apples meristem tip cultures combination antivirotics ribavirin, rimantadine, zidovudine. Elimination of verified by repeate...

Aqueous (hydrophilic) and chloroform (Lipophilic) extracts of nine medicinal plants currently used in Egyptian traditional medicine to treat some gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders were tested for their gastro-protective effect against the incidence of peptic ulcer. Indomethacin-induced ulcer in a rat model was used for this testing. Mentha microphylla, Brassica oleracea Capitata (Cabbage),...

Aeromonas hydrophila was obtained from various sources and identified on the basis of growth on selective media, phenotypic and biochemical characters. The isolates (Ah1-Ah9) were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility and resistance pattern tests. The isolates showing maximum resistance to most of the commercial antibiotic discs used were selected. The selected isolate (Ah7) was further subjec...

Triazine herbicides inhibit photosynthesis by blocking electron transport in photosystem II. The target site of the herbicide was identified as a chloroplast thylakoid polypeptide (the Q B protein) o f 32,000 daltons. Studies o f triazine-resistant weed biotypes suggested that a subtle change in the QB protein caused the resistance. We have cloned the chloroplast gene (psbA) that codes this pro...

The 32-kDa photosystem II protein of the chloroplast is thought to be a target molecule for the herbicide atrazine. The psbA gene coding for this protein was cloned from Solanum nigrum atrazine-susceptible ('S') and atrazine-resistant ('R') biotypes. The 'S' and 'R' genes are identical in nucleotide sequence except for an A to G transition, predicting a Ser to Gly change at codon 264. The same ...