Background and Aim: Light cured composites and other restorative materials are quite common in dentistry today. Successful restorations are dependent on efficiency of curing light unit, eg. the intensity of emitted light and its wave length. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency units of curing, in private dental offices in Tehran. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross...

In 2010, the global transport sector consumed about 2,200 million tons of oil equivalent. About 96% of this amount came from oil. It shows that more than 60% of the oil consumed globally goes to the transportation sector. Road transport accounts for the bulk of the transportation energy consumption. The light-duty vehicles (LDVs), including light trucks, light commercial vehicles, and minibuses...

abstract: about 60% of total premium of insurance industry is pertained?to life policies in the world; while the life insurance total premium in iran is less than 6% of total premium in insurance industry in 2008 (sigma, no 3/2009). among the reasons that discourage the life insurance industry is the problem of adverse selection. adverse selection theory describes a situation where the inf...

Objective: In this study we assessed the effect of bright light emitted by light box on fatigue, and sleepiness in nurses. Methods: 44 healthy female shift work nurses were allocated into two groups of intervention and control. In the first stage, bright light was emitted to the nurses in the intervention group by the light box, and bright light was not emitted to the control group. In the nex...

Over the past few years, different theories (piezoelectric, positive holes, friction-vaporization, exo-electron emission, tribo- or fracture electrification) have been presented for the interpretation of earthquake lights. Although these theories can interpret earthquake luminous, each suffer from particular problems. There are also ambiguities and questions about the location of the light, the...

Purpose: ­The purpose of this paper is to highlight the destructive effects of light on archival documents/paper materials. ­The research aims to explain the mechanism of photochemical degradation and the damaging effect of light on paper. It also tells us about the measures to be adopted to control the deteriorating effects of light on paper step by step. Design/Methodology/Approach: Th­e res...

A new and suitable breeding method for inducing asexual or sexual reproduction (opium pneumonia) of Daphnia Magna is described in the laboratory. Drying and dehydration cause the production of epiphium epiphium with rapid hatching. In the present study, the effect of many different parameters such as pesticides, light periods and light intensity, sediments, culture oxygen levels, dark period, a...